Lesson Dialogues
Situation 1
The test is done.
アキ:おつかれ。
アキ:おつかれ。
Aki: Good job.
- おつかれ good job; expression used to thank someone for hard work; also used as a greeting
ジュン:終わった、終わった。
ジュン:終(お)わった、終(お)わった。
Jun: It's done, it's done.
- 終(お)わった past tense of 終(お)わる
- 終(お)わる to end; to finish
アキ:できた?
アキ:できた?
Aki: Did you do well?
- できた past tense of できる
- できる to be able to do; to be ready; to be made; to be good at; e.g. 彼女(かのじょ)ができる=to find a girlfriend、 友達(ともだち)ができる=to make a friend
ジュン:まあね。
ジュン:まあね。
Jun: I guess so.
- まあ well; I think; まあ、そうだよね。Well, that's right.
- ~ね shares information or experiences; softens a sentence; expects an agreement; isn't it?; don't you?; 雨(あめ)だね。Oh, it's raining (as you can see).
アキ:最初の問題、分かった?
アキ:最初(さいしょ)の問題(もんだい)、分(わ)かった?
Aki: Did you get the first problem?
- 最初(さいしょ) first
- ~の indicates possession: 私(わたし)の子供(こども) my child; その車(くるま)、私(わたし)の。That car is mine; 私(わたし)の食(た)べる?Do you want to eat mine?
- 問題(もんだい) problem; question
- 分(わ)かった past tense of 分(わ)かる
- 分(わ)かる to understand; to see
ジュン:うん。時間かかったけど。
ジュン:うん。時間(じかん)かかったけど。
Jun: Yeah. It took time though.
- うん (casual, non-keigo) yes; yeah
- 時間(じかん) time
- かかった past tense of かかる
- かかる to take (time, resource); to cost; to hang
- けど but; however; although; though; a lot of people finish a sentence with (だ)けど because it makes the sentence less direct.
アキ:すごい。私、分かんなかった。
アキ:すごい。私(わたし)、分(わ)かんなかった。
Aki: That's impressive. I didn't get it.
- すごい i-adj. fantastic, wonderful, terrible; adv. awfully, very, immensely
- 分(わ)かんなかった negative form of 分(わ)かった
Situation 2
Tanaka-san told Sato-san about plans to go watch a Japanese professional baseball game.
佐藤:一人で行くんですか?
佐藤(さとう):一人(ひとり)で行(い)くんですか?
Sato: Are you going by yourself?
- 一人(ひとり) one person; alone
- ~で in; at; from; by: indicates means (methods) or places; フォークで食(た)べる to eat with a fork; 家(いえ)で食(た)べる to eat at home; may make a noun adverbial: 短(みじか)い時間(じかん)で食(た)べる eating fast; indicates a choice: じゃあビールで。Then, I choose beer.
- 行(い)く to go
- んです commonly used when you explain something; 実(じつ)は日本人(にほんじん)なんです。 In fact, I'm Japanese.
- ~か makes a sentence a question; usually used with keigo sentences in spoken Japanese; textbooks often drop the question mark, but it's common to use a question mark in real-life situations
田中:いえ。友達と行くんですよ。
田中(たなか):いえ。友達(ともだち)と行(い)くんですよ。
Tanaka: No. I am going with my friend.
- いえ no; colloquial version of いいえ
- 友達(ともだち) friend
- ~と and; or; with; if; 友達(ともだち)と私(わたし) my friends and I
- ~よ introduces new information; emphasises a sentence; 朝(あさ)だよ!It's morning!
佐藤:いいですね。
佐藤(さとう):いいですね。
Sato: That's nice.
- いい good; 映画(えいが)よかった! The film was great!; you may use this to indicate your preference or choice; 私(わたし)、ラーメンがいい。I'd like to choose ramen; いいね is the Japanese version of "like" on social media.
- ~です polite ending; use this polite form, called "keigo," when you talk to strangers, people who are older than you, and in business situations.
田中:一緒に行きますか?
田中(たなか):一緒(いっしょ)に行(い)きますか?
Tanaka: Would you like to come with us?
- 一緒(いっしょ) together; with
- ~に indicates a destination, place or point of attention: 日本(にほん)に行(い)く to go to Japan; 友達(ともだち)に話(はな)す to talk to a friend; indicates the result or goal of an action: 大人(おとな)になる to become an adult; indicates an actor in a passive sentence: 先生(せんせい)に見(み)つかった。I was found by a teacher.
- 行(い)きます ます form of 行(い)く; ~ます makes a keigo (polite) sentence
佐藤:え、いいんですか?
佐藤(さとう):え、いいんですか?
Sato: Um, is that all right?
- え expresses surprise or disappointment; えー、本当(ほんとう)? What? Really?
田中:いいですよ。
田中(たなか):いいですよ。
Tanaka: It's all right.
佐藤:ありがとうございます。行きたかったんです。
佐藤(さとう):ありがとうございます。行(い)きたかったんです。
Sato: Thank you. I have wanted to go.
- ありがとうございます thank you
- 行(い)きたかった past tense of 行(い)きたい
- 行(い)きたい たい form of 行(い)く; ~たい expresses desire; I want to __
Situation 3
Aki is trying to flip okonomiyaki.
アキ:できるかな?
アキ:できるかな?
Aki: I wonder if I can do it.
- ~かな indicates uncertainty; softens a sentence; ちょっと寒(さむ)いかな。I think it's a bit cold.
ハル:やってみて。
ハル:やってみて。
Haru: Give it a try.
- やって te-form of やる; te-form is often used to connect to other expressions; te-form may indicate a command; 食(た)べて!Please eat!; it's common to end a sentence with a te-form. Japanese people often don't finish a sentence completely: 昨日(きのう)学校(がっこう)行(い)って、勉強(べんきょう)して。。。I went to school yesterday, studied, and…
- やる to do; to give
- ~てみて te-form of ~てみる; te-form is often used to connect to other expressions; te-form may indicate a command; 食(た)べて!Please eat!; it's common to end a sentence with a te-form. Japanese people often don't finish a sentence completely: 昨日(きのう)学校(がっこう)行(い)って、勉強(べんきょう)して。。。I went to school yesterday, studied, and…
- ~てみる to try and _; to try something; to attempt to do something; 食(た)べてみる。I'll try eating.
アキ:分かった。一、二、三。
アキ:分(わ)かった。一(いち)、二(に)、三(さん)。
Aki: Got it. One, two, and three.
- 一(いち) one
- 二(に) two
- 三(さん) three
ハル:できたじゃん。
ハル:できたじゃん。
Haru: You did it.
- じゃん common way of ending a sentence mainly in Kanto region; a colloquial form of じゃない; isn't it
アキ:少し、形、悪いけど。
アキ:少(すこ)し、形(かたち)、悪(わる)いけど。
Aki: The shape turned out a little bad though.
- 少(すこ)し a little; a few
- 形(かたち) form; shape; figure
- 悪(わる)い bad
ハル:問題ないよ。食べちゃうし。
ハル:問題(もんだい)ないよ。食(た)べちゃうし。
Haru: That's not a problem. We are going to eat it anyway.
- ない negative form of ある (to exist); 明日(あした)行(い)かない I won't go tomorrow; not; nonexistent; not being (there)
- 食(た)べる to eat
- ちゃう to end up doing __; to connect a verb to ちゃう, simply remove た from the paste tense: 食(た)べちゃう to end up eating.
- ~し and; besides; because, since; 雨(あめ)だし行(い)かない。/行(い)かない、雨(あめ)だし。 I won't go. Besides, it's raining.
Situation 4
Ideas for a new business must be shared at the next meeting.
佐藤:いいアイデア、出ましたか?
佐藤(さとう):いいアイデア、出(で)ましたか?
Sato: Did you come up with any good ideas?
- アイデア idea
- 出(で)ました past tense of 出(で)ます
- 出(で)ます ます form of 出(で)る; ~ます makes a keigo (polite) sentence
- 出(で)る to go out; to come out; to attend
田中:いえ、まだなんです。
田中(たなか):いえ、まだなんです。
Tanaka: No, I haven't yet.
- いえ no; colloquial version of いいえ
- まだ yet; still; まだ帰(かえ)れない。I can't go home yet.
佐藤:私もですよ。ずっと考えてるんですが。
佐藤(さとう):私(わたし)もですよ。ずっと考(かんが)えてるんですが。
Sato: Me neither, even though I have been thinking about it all the time.
- ~も too; also; 私(わたし)も行(い)く! I'll go too!
- ずっと all the time; for a long time; forever
- 考(かんが)えて te-form of 考(かんが)える; te-form is often used to connect to other expressions; te-form may indicate a command; 食(た)べて!Please eat!; it's common to end a sentence with a te-form. Japanese people often don't finish a sentence completely: 昨日(きのう)学校(がっこう)行(い)って、勉強(べんきょう)して。。。I went to school yesterday, studied, and…
- 考(かんが)える to think
- ~ている、てる verb form to express continuation; 食(た)べる + ている = 食(た)べている eating; てる is a colloquial version of ている; some verbs such as 知(し)る uses this form to express the present situation 知(し)っている (I know) but uses the present native form to say the opposite: 知(し)らない (I don't know); often てん in spoken Japanese: それ、知(し)ってんの?Do you know that?
田中:結構大変ですよね。
田中(たなか):結構(けっこう)大変(たいへん)ですよね。
Tanaka: It's pretty tough, isn't it?
- 結構(けっこう) adv. quite, fairly; na-adj. good
- 大変(たいへん) serious; terrible; hard; difficult
佐藤:はい、アイデアなんてそんなに出ませんよね。
佐藤(さとう):はい、アイデアなんてそんなに出(で)ませんよね。
Sato: That's right, it's hard to come up with ideas, right?
- はい yes
- なんて such~; なんて大(おお)きな家(いえ)だ。 Such a big house; things like; 日本(にほん)なんて行(い)きたくない。I don't want to go to a country like Japan.
- そんなに so much; so; like that; そんなに食(た)べれない。I can't eat that much.
- 出(で)ません negative form of出(で)ます
Step 2 - Take the Quiz
Let's see how many words you remember.
Take the quiz here.
Step 3 - Writing Exercises (Optional)
Let's practice what you learned here.
Never mind about my question. If I had just looked at the definitions I wouldn’t have had to ask. :/
☺
What’s the difference between いえ and いいえ? Slight difference in formality?
Why is 『が』used to end this sentence 『ずっと考(かんが)えてるんですが。』?
From what I remember ending a sentence with 『が』usually is meant to invite the conversation partner to respond to your sentence. Indicating I am done with talking and I want the other person to pitch in.
I don’t fully know all the uses, might be useful to see a better/fuller explanation myself. And I am not 100% confident in that explanation
In this context, が means “but”. In Japanese, it’s common to end a sentence with “but”.
In a similar way, you can also way ずっと考えてるんですけど。
In one of your videos you said that we should think Japanese and not translate to English then translate it back to Japanese. How do you get to the point of thinking Japanese? What does it look like to think in Japanese?
It’s basically making sentences in Japanese directly without translating a sentence from another language. You’ll need a lot of input to get to that level, but it’s possible.
I guess it’s good to force yourself to use Japanese purely from the understanding of Japanese. Learning the basic sentence patterns can be good for this. This is the way I’ve tried learning Japanese from the beginning. As long as you don’t miss any of the elements of meaning and put words in the right place it will work well. If you start with small elements like verbs, you can build and enhance your repertoire from there. ????
I started with simple sentences. There are certain sayings I can not think in English anymore. For example “Thank you” is always “ありがとうございます” in both my thoughts and spoken language. Everyday I think in Japanese to force myself to understand the Japanese instead of English. I find myself having a hard time translating some of the sentences I hear in music or anime because I can only understand them in Japanese. (This also is annoying, because you end up stuck between English and Japanese. I feel like I know so much Japanese, but can only understand a Kidergarten or First grade level. Eventually you will notice yourself trying to translate something you completely understand and can respond to in Japanese but find it impossible because you learned it from the Japanese speaking perception.)