Lesson Dialogues
Situation 1
Aki and Sachi are at a dessert buffet. They are looking at the cakes arranged on the table.
アキ:いろいろあるね。
アキ:いろいろあるね。
Aki: There are many different ones.
- いろいろ various, different kinds; いろいろ食(た)べた。 I ate many different kinds of food.
- ある to be (existence); to have (possession); to happen; use ある for objects and いる for people and animals
- ~ね shares information or experiences; softens a sentence; expects an agreement; isn't it?; don't you?; 雨(あめ)だね。Oh, it's raining (as you can see).
サチ:ほんと、すごいたくさん。
サチ:ほんと、すごいたくさん。
Sachi: True, there are so many.
- ほんと、本当(ほんとう) truth; right; really
- すごい i-adj. fantastic, wonderful, terrible; adv. awfully, very, immensely
- たくさん many; much; a lot
アキ:みんな食べたいよね。
アキ:みんな食(た)べたいよね。
Aki: I want to eat it all, don't you?
- みんな everyone (often みなさん); everything
- 食(た)べたい たい form of 食(た)べる; ~たい expresses desire; I want to __
- 食(た)べる to eat
- ~よね shares mutual sentiments; confirms some information: 寒(さむ)いよね。 It's cold, right?; よな is sometimes used by male speakers; かわいいよ。 may imply she might not know that she's cute, かわいいね。 may imply you expect her to notice it too, and かわいいよね。implies that the speaker is certain about the statement and expect the other person to agree
サチ:うん、おんなじ気持ち。
サチ:うん、おんなじ気持(きも)ち。
Sachi: Yeah, I feel the same.
- うん (casual, non-keigo) yes; yeah
- 同(おな)じ、おんなじ same
- 気持(きも)ち feeling; sensation; mood
アキ:何から食べる?
アキ:何(なに)から食(た)べる?
Aki: What are you eating first?
- 何(なに) what
- ~から from; 日本(にほん)から来(き)ました。I'm from Japan.
サチ:何から食べようか?
サチ:何(なに)から食(た)べようか?
Sachi: What should we eat first?
- 食(た)べよう ou form of 食(た)べる; ~ou expresses suggestion; let's __; 食(た)べよう。 let's eat; 行(い)こう。 let's go; 遊(あそ)ぼう。 let's play; 作(つく)ろう。let's make.
- ~か? makes a sentence a question; usually used with keigo sentences in spoken Japanese; textbooks often drop the question mark, but it's common to use a question mark in real-life situations
Situation 2
Aki and Sachi ate a lot of desserts at a dessert buffet.
アキ:まだ食べられる?
アキ:まだ食(た)べられる?
Aki: Can you still eat?
- まだ yet; still; まだ帰(かえ)れない。I can't go home yet.
- 食(た)べられる potential form of 食(た)べる; ~(ら)れる expresses possibility; can; can be; some people consider ~られる is a correct from, however, many people use ~れる in spoken Japanese
サチ:うん、もうちょっと食べる。
サチ:うん、もうちょっと食(た)べる。
Sachi: Yeah, I can still eat a little more.
- もう already; soon; again; more; strengthens expression of an emotion; filler word: なんか、もう、帰(かえ)ろうよ: Like, let's go home already?
- ちょっと (just) a little; a bit; (conversation filler)
アキ:すごいね。
アキ:すごいね。
Aki: Amazing.
サチ:もう、食べないの?
サチ:もう、食(た)べないの?
Sachi: Are you not eating anymore?
- 食(た)べない negative form of 食(た)べる
- ~の emphasises a sentence or question: 本当(ほんとう)にできるの?Can you really do it?; できるの!I can do it!; may sound feminine in some cases; 私(わたし)、できるの。 sounds feminine.
アキ:うん、私はもう食べられないよ。
アキ:うん、私(わたし)はもう食(た)べられないよ。
Aki: No, I can't eat anymore.
- 食(た)べられない negative form of 食(た)べられる
- ~よ introduces new information; emphasises a sentence; 朝(あさ)だよ!It's morning!
Situation 3
This is a conversation in a taxi. The passenger is showing the driver where he wants to go.
客:ここに行きたいんですけど。
客(きゃく):ここに行(い)きたいんですけど。
Passenger: I would like to go here.
- ここ here
- ~に indicates a destination, place or point of attention: 日本(にほん)に行(い)く to go to Japan; 友達(ともだち)に話(はな)す to talk to a friend; indicates the result or goal of an action: 大人(おとな)になる to become an adult; indicates an actor in a passive sentence: 先生(せんせい)に見(み)つかった。I was found by a teacher.
- 行(い)きたい たい form of 行(い)く; ~たい expresses desire; I want to __
- 行(い)く to go
- ~んです commonly used when you explain something; 実(じつ)は日本人(にほんじん)なんです。 In fact, I'm Japanese.
- けれど、けど but; however; although; though; a lot of people finish a sentence with (だ)けど because it makes the sentence less direct.
運転手:わかりました。
運転手(うんてんしゅ):わかりました。
Driver: Got it.
- 分(わ)かりました past tense of 分(わ)かる
- 分(わ)かる to understand; to see
客:時間かかりますか?
客(きゃく):時間(じかん)かかりますか?
Passenger: Does it take a long time?
- 時間(じかん) time
- かかります ます form of かかる; ~ます makes a keigo (polite) sentence
- かかる to take (time, resource); to cost; to hang
運転手:そんなにかかりませんよ。
運転手(うんてんしゅ):そんなにかかりませんよ。
Driver: It doesn't take that long.
- そんな that; such; そんな事(こと)はできない。I can't do such a thing; そんなに so much; so; like that; often そんなに~ない: そんなに食(た)べれない。I can't eat that much.
- かかりません negative form of かかります
客:よかった。あんまり時間ないんで。
客(きゃく):よかった。あんまり時間(じかん)ないんで。
Passenger: That's great, because I don't have much time.
- よかった past tense of よい・いい; "what a relief": 元気(げんき)でよかった。It's good (I'm relieved) that you are fine.
- あんまり n. the rest; adv. (not) much; often; あまり~ない: 仕事(しごと)があまりない。I don't have a lot of work.
- ない There is no . . . ; no . . .
- ~んで、~ので as; because; since; 疲(つか)れたんで帰(かえ)ります。I'll go home because I'm tired.
Situation 4
Sato-san is drinking coffee after being invited to the house of Yamamoto-san.
山本:このカップ、私が作ったんですよ。
山本(やまもと):このカップ、私(わたし)が作(つく)ったんですよ。
Yamamoto: I made this cup.
- この this
- カップ cup
- 作(つく)った past tense of 作(つく)る
- 作(つく)る to make; to create; to cook
佐藤:え、本当ですか?すごいですね。
佐藤(さとう):え、本当(ほんとう)ですか?すごいですね。
Sato: Oh, really? That's amazing.
- え expresses surprise or disappointment; えー、本当(ほんとう)? What? Really?
- ~です polite ending; use this polite form, called "keigo," when you talk to strangers, people who are older than you, and in business situations.
山本:ありがとうございます。
山本(やまもと):ありがとうございます。
Yamamoto: Thank you.
- ありがとうございます thank you; ありがと is colloquial
佐藤:形がとってもいいですね。
佐藤(さとう):形(かたち)がとってもいいですね。
Sato: Its shape is very nice.
- 形(かたち) form; shape; figure
- とっても very; とっても is often stronger than とても
- いい good; 映画(えいが)よかった! The film was great!; you may use this to indicate your preference or choice; 私(わたし)、ラーメンがいい。I'd like to choose ramen; いいね is the Japanese version of "like" on social media.
山本:そうですか?
山本(やまもと):そうですか?
Yamamoto: Is that so?
- そう so (as in "I think so"); そう思(おも)う。 I think so. ; そうなんだ。 I see.
Step 2 - Take the Quiz
Let's see how many words you remember.
Take the quiz here.
Step 3 - Writing Exercises (Optional)
Let's practice what you learned here.