2021-Feb-15 Level 3 ごめん。今から向かう!

Lesson Dialogues

Situation 1

Yamamoto-san, who will be late to a party, is calling Tanaka-san.

田中(たなか):もしもしー。

Tanaka: Hello.

    山本(やまもと):おー、田中(たなか)?ごめん。(いま)から()かう!

    Yamamoto: Oh, Tanaka? Sorry. I'm heading to the party now!

    • ()かう to face; to go (toward, in the direction of))); to head for

    田中(たなか):おー、わかった。え、今日(きょう)仕事(しごと)だったの?

    Tanaka: Ah, got it. Oh, were you working today?

      山本(やまもと):そうなんだよ。ほんとは昨日(きのう)()わらせたかったんだけどさ。

      Yamamoto: Yeah I was, even though I had really wanted to finish my work yesterday.

      • ()わらせる causative form of ()わる; ~せる means "to force/make someone/something to do something": ()どもにラーメンを()べさせる。I'm going to make the kids eat ramen.
      • ~さ filler word: 明日(あした)さ、(ひま)だったらさ、ラーメン()べない?Do you want to eat ramen if you are free tomorrow?

      田中(たなか):そうなんだ。(やす)みの()に、大変(たいへん)だなあ。とりあえず、おつかれ。

      Tanaka. I see. It's tough to have to work on a holiday. Anyway, good job.

      • とりあえず for the time being

      山本(やまもと):うん、ありがとう。(いま)どんな(かん)じ?

      Yamamoto: Yeah, thanks. How's the party like now?

        田中(たなか)山本(やまもと)(ほか)は、(みな)さんもう()てるよ。

        Tanaka: Other than you, everyone else is already here.

          山本(やまもと):わー、そうなんだ。ごめん。時間(じかん)(どお)りに参加(さんか)するつもりだったんだけど…。

          Yamamoto: Wow, I see. Sorry. I had wanted to be there on time, but...

          • 参加(さんか) participation; 参加(さんか)する to take part in, to participate
          • つもり intention: 明日(あした)仕事(しごと)()くつもりです。I'm intended to go to work tomorrow.

          田中(たなか):それは大丈夫(だいじょうぶ)だよ。まあできれば昨日(きのう)メール()しかったけどな。

          Tanaka: It's okay, although I wish you had texted me yesterday if possible.

          • 大丈夫(だいじょうぶ) safe; all right
          • ~ば if: ()けば()かる。You'll understand if you go; why don't you?: だったら()けば。Then, why don't you go.
          • メール e-mail; メールする to e-mail
          • ()しい to want; to desire

          山本(やまもと):ほんとごめん!うーん…。(なに)()たずに、参加(さんか)はできないな。(さけ)(すこ)()っていくつもりだけど。

          Yamamoto: I'm so sorry! Hmm... I can't go without bringing anything. I think I'm going to buy some alcohol to bring along.

          • ~ずに without doing...: ()べずに()た。 I came without eating.
          • (さけ) alcohol; sake; rice wine

          田中(たなか):いやいや。(さけ)はたくさんあるから大丈夫(だいじょうぶ)。それより(はや)()い。

          Tanaka: No, no. There's a lot of alcohol here so it's fine. Just come quickly.

          • imperative form of る to come; can be very rude with strangers

          山本(やまもと):とりあえず(いま)()かってるから。なんか()しい(もの)あったらメールして。

          Yamamoto: I'm on my way anyway. Text me if there's anything you want.

            Situation 2

            Mika-san is showing a picture she painted to her teacher.

            先生(せんせい):うん。いいですね。なかなかよく()けてる。

            Teacher: Yeah. It's nice. It's painted pretty well.

            • () to draw; to paint

            ミカ:え、ほんとですか?(うれ)しいです。

            Mika: Oh, really? I'm glad.

              先生(せんせい):まず、この(いえ)部分(ぶぶん)だけど。しっかりときれいに()けてるね。

              Teacher: First of all, for the house, it's painted really well and beautifully.

              • しっかり properly; tightly; solidly

              ミカ:ありがとうございます。

              Mika: Thank you.

                先生(せんせい):それに、(いえ)(まえ)にいる(いぬ)子供(こども)(たの)しそうな(かん)じがしっかり表現(ひょうげん)されてると(おも)うよ。

                Teacher: Also, for the dog and the children in front of the house, I think their sense of excitement has been captured really well.

                • 表現(ひょうげん)される passive form of 表現(ひょうげん)する
                • 表現(ひょうげん) expression; 表現(ひょうげん)する to express

                ミカ:()かった。(とく)(いぬ)なんですけど。どう()くか、すごく(かんが)えたんですよ。

                Mika: I'm glad. For the dog especially, I had thought very hard about how to paint it.

                • ~か[どうか] whether... or..., if... : ()くかどうかわからない。/()くかわからない。I don't know whether I go or not.

                先生(せんせい):うん。ただし、ここの部分(ぶぶん)。ちょっと()()けて()てみて。

                Teacher: Yeah. But, this part, look at it a little more carefully.

                • ただし but; however; indicates a condition: 明日(あした)仕事(しごと)()く。ただし(あめ)だったら()かない。I will go to work tomorrow. But if it's raining, I won't.
                • ()()ける to be careful; to pay attention

                ミカ:え?どういう意味(いみ)ですか?

                Mika: Hmm? What do you mean?

                  先生(せんせい):ここって、()()たってないでしょ?(いえ)があるから。

                  Teacher: The sunlight shouldn't hit this spot, right? Because there's a house.

                  • ()たる to hit; to bump; to touch; to guess right; to win
                  • ~でしょ isn't it?, right?; I guess that... , it seems that...: (わたし)、お(かね)ないでしょ? You know I don't have money, right?; 鈴木(すずき)さん、会社(かいしゃ)()たじゃないですか?(なん)でですか? Suzuki-san came to work, right? Why?

                  ミカ:はい。そうですね。

                  Mika: Yes. That's right.

                    先生(せんせい)()()たってる部分(ぶぶん)と、(おな)(いろ)表現(ひょうげん)しちゃっていいかな?

                    Teacher: Do you think it's okay to use the same color as the sunlit areas to paint this spot?

                    • (いろ) color

                    ミカ:あ…。たしかにそうですね。そこまで(ふか)(かんが)えてませんでした。もう(すこ)(ふか)(いろ)(ほう)がよかったですかね?

                    Mika: Oh... you're right indeed. I hadn't thought that deeply about it. Would it have been better to use a darker color?

                    • (ふか) deep
                    • (ほう)がいい it's better to: (ある)いたほうがいい。It's better to walk; I prefer: ラーメンのほうがいい。I prefer ramen.

                    先生(せんせい):そうだね。(つぎ)()(とき)は、こういうとこも()()けようね。

                    Teacher: That's right. Pay attention to these things as well the next time you're painting something.

                    • こういう such; this sort of; like this​: こういう(くるま)()しかった。I wanted a car like this.

                    ミカ:はい。よくわかりました。

                    Mika: Yes. I understand.

                      先生(せんせい):ただし、非常(ひじょう)にうまくなってきてるよ。これからもどんどんと()いていこう。

                      Teacher: But you're getting really good at this. Let's continue to paint more and more.

                      • 非常(ひじょう) very; extremely

                      Step 2 - Take the Quiz

                      Let's see how many words you remember.
                      Take the quiz here.

                      Step 3 - Writing Exercises (Optional)

                      Let's practice what you learned here.

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                      7 Comments
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                      Mark
                      Mark
                      4 years ago

                      I don’t understand the meaning of “passive form” in the definition of 表現させる.

                      Hana-Sensei
                      Editor
                      Hana-Sensei
                      4 years ago
                      Reply to  Mark

                      It’s a passive voice. You have an active voice and passive voice in English, too:
                      母がこの手紙を書いた。 My mother wrote this letter. (Active voice)
                      この手紙は母によって書かれた。 This letter was written by my mother. (Passive voice)

                      表現する (verb: express) is an active form of the verb.
                      表現される (be expressed) is a passive form of it.

                      Mark
                      Mark
                      4 years ago
                      Reply to  Hana-Sensei

                      I’m sorry, I still domt understand. I dont really see the difference between the English examples either. There’s different words, but they mean the same thing. The passive one just sounds slightly more formal. Also what’s よって?

                      Hana-Sensei
                      Editor
                      Hana-Sensei
                      4 years ago
                      Reply to  Mark

                      No, we are not talking about the meaning, but the sentence structure here.
                      We can express the same meaning in different ways.
                      It’s the matter of what word you choose as the subject in a sentence.

                      So, the previous examples, the subject of the first sentence is 母, and
                      the second sentence is 手紙.

                      I thought you were asking about passive form.

                      If you want to use 表現する using the passive voice (form), the verb is changed as 表現される to fit the form.

                      Active voice (form) usually put someone/something who makes the action as the subject, whereas passive voice (form) put someone/something who gets affected by the action as the subject. It works in the same way as English.

                      よって here means “by” as in “by my mother” 母によって.
                      It’s a word for Level 4, so I shouldn’t have used it here.

                      Hana-Sensei
                      Editor
                      Hana-Sensei
                      4 years ago
                      Reply to  Hana-Sensei

                      Here’s an explanation about active and passive forms.
                      I wish I could find Japanese examples, too.
                      But it might give you a better idea about them:
                      https://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/activepassive.html

                      Mark
                      Mark
                      4 years ago
                      Reply to  Hana-Sensei

                      Aah, I see. So passive form just changes the subject. Thank you very much! Also, it’s alright if you used a higher level word. I come across words I dont know all the time in conversations like these on this site. I just look em up on Jisho and try my best to learn them.

                      Hana-Sensei
                      Editor
                      Hana-Sensei
                      4 years ago
                      Reply to  Mark

                      No problem!
                      That’s great. I’ll keep that in mind. 🙂

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