2021-Oct-11 Level 1 ケーキ、食べようかな。

Lesson Dialogues

Situation 1

Aki and Jun are in a cafe.

Comprehension Quiz (Skip if you don't understand the conversation yet)

ジュンはケーキを食(た)べますか？

A はい
B いいえ

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アキ：ケーキ、食(た)べようかな。

• ケーキ cake
• 食(た)べよう ou form of 食(た)べる; ～ou expresses suggestion; let's __; 食(た)べよう。 let's eat; 行(い)こう。 let's go; 遊(あそ)ぼう。 let's play; 作(つく)ろう。let's make.
• 食たべる to eat
• ～かな indicates uncertainty; softens a sentence: ちょっと寒さむいかな。I think it's a bit cold.

ジュン：ここの、おいしいよね。

• ここ here
• おいしい delicious; tasty
• ～よね、よな shares mutual sentiments; confirms some information: 寒さむいよね。 It's cold, right?; よな is sometimes used by male speakers; かわいいよ。 may imply she might not know that she's cute, かわいいね。 may imply you expect her to notice it too, and かわいいよね。implies that the speaker is fairly certain about the statement and expect the other person to agree.

アキ：ジュンは？

ジュン：私(わたし)は食(た)べない。

• 食(た)べない negative form of 食(た)べる

アキ：なんで？

• なぜ、なんで why; how come

ジュン：今(いま)、やめてるんだ。ケーキ食(た)べるの。

• 今いま now
• やめて te-form of やめる; te-form is often used to connect to other expressions; te-form may indicate a command: 食(た)べて！Please eat!; it's common to end a sentence with a te-form. Japanese people often don't finish a sentence completely: 昨日学校行(きのうがっこうい)って、勉強(べんきょう)して。。。I went to school yesterday, studied, and...
• やめる、辞やめる 止やめる to stop, to give up; 辞やめる to quit (a job)
• ～ている、てる verb form to express continuation; 食たべる + ている = 食たべている eating; てる is a colloquial version of ている; some verbs such as 知しる uses this form to express the present situation 知しっている (I know) but uses the present native form to say the opposite: 知しらない (I don't know); often てん in spoken Japanese: それ、知しってんの？Do you know that?
• ～のです、んです、のだ、んだ、の actually, as a matter of fact: 明日あした、映画えいが見みたいんですよね/だよね。I actually want to watch a movie tomorrow; often used with けど: すいません、トイレに行いきたいんですけど/だけど。。。Excuse me, I'd like to go to the bathroom; used to ask for a reason: なんで明日あした、会社かいしゃ来こないんですか/来こないの？ Why are you not coming to work tomorrow?; used to confirm or react to your observation: もう帰かえるんですか/帰かえるの？ Are you going home already?; emphasizes discontentment or anger: 何なに言いってんだよ/んですか。 What the heck are you talking about?; ～なんだ with nouns, na-adjectives, and adverbs: 明日あした雨あめなんだ。It will rain tomorrow.
• ～の の can make other words, such as verbs or adjectives, function like a noun: 食たべるのはやめる。I will stop eating; 欲ほしいのはどれ？ Which is the one you want?

Situation 2

Jun, who likes cakes, is saying she won't eat cake.

Comprehension Quiz (Skip if you don't understand the conversation yet)

ジュンは____をしている。

A 勉強(べんきょう)
B 仕事(しごと)
C 電話(でんわ)
D ダイエット

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アキ：ほんとに食(た)べないの？

• 本当ほんとう、ほんと truth; right; really

ジュン：うん、食(た)べないよ。

• うん (casual, non-keigo) yes; yeah
• ～よ、～よー introduces new information; emphasises a sentence: 朝あさだよ！It's morning!

アキ：ダイエットしてるの？

• ダイエット diet; losing weight
• して te-form of する; te-form is often used to connect to other expressions; te-form may indicate a command: 食(た)べて！Please eat!; it's common to end a sentence with a te-form. Japanese people often don't finish a sentence completely: 昨日学校行(きのうがっこうい)って、勉強(べんきょう)して。。。I went to school yesterday, studied, and...
• する to do; to make; to decide on; to choose
• ダイエットする to be on a diet; to go on a diet

ジュン：そう。今度(こんど)はうまくやるよ。

• そう so (as in "I think so"): そう思おもう。 I think so. ; そうなんだ。 I see.; that is so, that's right
• 今度こんど next time; sometime; this time
• うまい delicious, tasty; good at: ギターうまいね！You are good at playing the guitar!; うまく well
• やる to do; to give; often more casual than する

アキ：前(まえ)もそう言(い)ったよね。

• 前まえ forward; front; before
• 言いった past form of 言いう
• 言いう to say; to speak; to talk; to mean: どういう意味いみ？What does it mean? 暑あついっていう意味いみ。It means "hot".

Situation 3

Sato-san and Tanaka-san are doing overtime.

Comprehension Quiz (Skip if you don't understand the conversation yet)

佐藤(さとう)さんが買(か)いに行(い)きますか？

A はい
B いいえ

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田中(たなか)：今(いま)、何時(なんじ)ですか？

• 何なに what
• 時とき time, when: 子供こどもの時とき when I was a child; 時じ o'clock
• 何時(なんじ) what time

佐藤(さとう)：もう7時(じ)ですよ。

• もう already; soon; again; more; strengthens expression of an emotion; filler word: なんか、もう、帰かえろうよ。 Like, let's go home already?

田中(たなか)：何(なに)か食(た)べますか？

• 何なにか、なんか something; things like ..., or something like that ...; conversation filler: なんか、寒さむい。Well, it's cold; emphasises noun, often in a deprecating way: 魚さかななんか嫌きらい。I don't like something like fish.
• 食(た)べます ます form of 食(た)べる; ～ます makes a keigo (polite) sentence

佐藤(さとう)：そうですね。買(か)ってきましょうか？

• ～ね shares information or experiences; softens a sentence; expects an agreement; isn't it?, don't you?: 雨あめだね。Oh, it's raining (as you can see).
• 買かって te-form of 買かう; te-form is often used to connect to other expressions; te-form may indicate a command: 食たべて！Please eat!; it's common to end a sentence with a te-form. Japanese people often don't finish a sentence completely: 昨日学校行きのうがっこういって、勉強べんきょうして。。。I went to school yesterday, studied, and...
• 買かう to buy
• ～てきましょう ましょう form of ～てくる; ～ましょう is a keigo form of ～よう which expresses desire; let's __
• ～てくる [1] go and ___; indicates that you will do something and come back to the original place; indicates you are doing something in addition to coming to a place: 学校がっこうに行いってくる。 I'll go to school (and come back.) [2] indicates a gradual process: 空そらが赤あかくなってくる。The sky is becoming red. [3] indicates something you've been doing in the past. 今いままで一人ひとりで仕事しごとしてきた。I've been working alone up until now.

田中(たなか)：私(わたし)が行(い)ってきます。

• 行いって te-form of 行いく; te-form is often used to connect to other expressions; te-form may indicate a command: 食(た)べて！Please eat!; it's common to end a sentence with a te-form. Japanese people often don't finish a sentence completely: 昨日学校行(きのうがっこうい)って、勉強(べんきょう)して。。。I went to school yesterday, studied, and...
• 行いく to go
• ～てきます ます form of ～てくる; ～ます makes a keigo (polite) sentence

Situation 4

During overtime, it seems like Tanaka-san will go out to buy food for everyone at work.

Comprehension Quiz (Skip if you don't understand the conversation yet)

田中(たなか)さんは____まで行(い)く。

A カフェ)
B レストラン
C コンビニ
D 会社(かいしゃ)

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田中(たなか)：何(なに)か食(た)べたいものありますか？

• 食(た)べたい たい form of 食(た)べる; ～たい expresses desire; I want to __
• 物もの thing; object; stuff
• あります ます form of ある; ～ます makes a keigo (polite) sentence
• ある to be (existence); to have (possession); to happen; use ある for objects and いる for people and animals

佐藤(さとう)：どんなものでもいいですよ。

• どんな what kind of: どんな音楽おんがくが好すき？What kind of music do you like?
• でも but; however: でも、日本(にほん)に行(い)きたい。But, I want to go to Japan; even: プロでも出来(でき)ない。Even professionals can't do it; or something; things like; how about; often used to soften a word and doesn't have a lot of meanings: お茶(ちゃ)でもどう？How about tea?; ラーメンでも食(た)べる？Do you want to eat (things like) ramen?
• よい、いい good: 映画えいがよかった！ The film was great!; you may use this to indicate your preference or choice: 私わたし、ラーメンがいい。I'd like to choose ramen; いいね is the Japanese version of "like" on social media.

田中(たなか)：分(わ)かりました。

• 分わかりました past form of 分わかります
• 分わかります ます form of 分わかる; ～ます makes a keigo (polite) sentence
• 分わかる to understand; to see; to know

佐藤(さとう)：どこまで行(い)きますか？

• どこ where
• ～まで to, as far as:日本にほんまで行いった。I went to (as far as) Japan; till, until: 朝あさまで仕事しごとした。I worked until morning.
• 行(い)きます ます form of 行(い)く; ～ます makes a keigo (polite) sentence

田中(たなか)：すぐそこのコンビニまで。

• すぐそこ right there
• コンビニ convenience store

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