2020-Jul-20 Level 1 月曜日か火曜日かな。

Lesson Dialogues

Situation 1

Naoya is spending time at Kanako's house on Sunday.

カナコ：もう、帰るの？

カナコ：もう、帰(かえ)るの？

Kanako: You're leaving already?

• もう already; soon; again; strengthens expression of an emotion; filler word: なんか、もう、帰(かえ)ろうよ: Like, let's go home already?
• 帰(かえ)る to return; to go home; to go back
• ～の emphasises a sentence or question: 本当(ほんとう)にできるの？Can you really do it?; できるの！I can do it!; may sound feminine in some cases; 私(わたし)、できるの。 sounds feminine.

ナオヤ：うん。

ナオヤ：うん。

Naoya: Yeah.

• うん (casual, non-keigo) yes; yeah

カナコ：次、いつうちに来る？

カナコ：次(つぎ)、いつうちに来(く)る？

Kanako: When are you coming over next?

• 次(つぎ) next; following; coming
• いつ when
• うち inside; of; before; home; my place; family; うちの my: うちの家(いえ) my home
• ～に indicates a destination, place or point of attention: 日本(にほん)に行(い)く to go to Japan; 友達(ともだち)に話(はな)す to talk to a friend; indicates the result or goal of an action: 大人(おとな)になる to become an adult; indicates an actor in a passive sentence: 先生(せんせい)に見(み)つかった。I was found by a teacher.
• 来(く)る to come

ナオヤ：月曜日か火曜日かな。

ナオヤ：月曜日(げつようび)か火曜日(かようび)かな。

Naoya: Maybe Monday or Tuesday.

• 曜日(ようび) day of the week
• 月曜日(げつようび) Monday
• ～か or: 仕事(しごと)か生活(せいかつ) work or life
• 火曜日(かようび) Tuesday
• ～かな indicates uncertainty; softens a sentence; ちょっと寒(さむ)いかな。I think it's a bit cold.

カナコ：仕事は？

カナコ：仕事(しごと)は？

Kanako: What about work?

• 仕事(しごと) work, job; 仕事(しごと)する to work
• ～は？ how about?: 学校(がっこう)は？How about school?

ナオヤ：ないよ。

ナオヤ：ないよ。

Naoya: I don't have work.

• ない negative form of ある (to exist); お金(かね)がない I don't have money; not; nonexistent; not being (there)
• ～よ、～よー introduces new information; emphasises a sentence; 朝(あさ)だよ！It's morning!

カナコ：やったー。

カナコ：やったー。

Kanako: Yay.

• やった、やったー ooray; yay; whee; yowzer; whoopee; yes

Situation 2

Coworkers are speaking at a company.

ケン：おつかれ。まだ仕事するの？

ケン：おつかれ。まだ仕事(しごと)するの？

Ken: Hello. Are you still going to work?

• おつかれ good job; expression used to thank someone for hard work; also used as a greeting
• まだ yet; still; まだ帰(かえ)れない。I can't go home yet.
• する to do; to make; to decide on; to choose

ミキ：うん。まだ仕事があるから。

ミキ：うん。まだ仕事(しごと)があるから。

Miki: Yeah. I still have work.

• ある to be (existence); to have (possession); to happen; use ある for objects and いる for people and animals
• ～から because; since: 雨(あめ)だから行(い)きません。I won't go because it's raining.; use だから with nouns and na-adjectives.

ケン：本当に？僕は帰るよ。

ケン：本当(ほんとう)に？僕(ぼく)は帰(かえ)るよ。

Ken: Really? I'm going to leave.

• 本当(ほんとう) truth; right; really
• 僕(ぼく) I (used by male speakers)

ミキ：分かった。おつかれ。

ミキ：分(わ)かった。おつかれ。

Miki: I see. See you later.

• 分(わ)かった past tense of 分(わ)かる
• 分(わ)かる to understand; to see

Situation 3

A mother is speaking to her child before going shopping.

母親：サトシも一緒に行く？

母親(ははおや)：サトシも一緒(いっしょ)に行(い)く？

Mother: Satoshi, do you want to come with me?

• ～も too; also; 私(わたし)も行(い)く！ I'll go too!
• 一緒(いっしょ) together; with
• 行(い)く to go

サトシ：ううん。家にいる。

サトシ：ううん。家(いえ)にいる。

Satoshi: No. I'll stay home.

• ううん nuh-uh; no
• 家(いえ) house; home
• いる to be; to exist; to stay; use ある for objects and いる for people and animals

母親：そっか。私、一人で行くよ。

母親(ははおや)：そっか。私(わたし)、一人(ひとり)で行(い)くよ。

Mother: All right. Then I will go by myself.

• そっか a colloquial form of そうか; is that so?; I see; you're right
• 一人(ひとり) one person; alone
• ～で in; at; from; by: indicates means (methods) or places; フォークで食(た)べる to eat with a fork; 家(いえ)で食(た)べる to eat at home; may make a noun adverbial: 短(みじか)い時間(じかん)で食(た)べる eating fast; indicates a choice: じゃあビールで。Then, I choose beer.

サトシ：やっぱり一緒に行く。

サトシ：やっぱり一緒(いっしょ)に行(い)く。

Satoshi: Actually, I will go with you.

• やっぱり as (one) expected; still; either way; after all; nonetheless

Situation 4

Speaking with a teacher while observing the city.

学生：私、この街好きです。先生も好きですか？

学生(がくせい)：私(わたし)、この街(まち)好(す)きです。先生(せんせい)も好(す)きですか？

Student: I like this city. Do you like it too, teacher?

• この this
• 街(まち) town; city
• 好(す)き favorite; to like; to love
• ～です polite ending; use this polite form, called "keigo," when you talk to strangers, people who are older than you, and in business situations.
• 先生(せんせい) teacher; professor; doctor
• ～か makes a sentence a question; usually used with keigo sentences in spoken Japanese; textbooks often drop the question mark, but it's common to use a question mark in real-life situations

先生：うん。好きだよ。この街って大きいよね。

先生(せんせい)：うん。好(す)きだよ。この街(まち)って大(おお)きいよね。

Teacher: Yes, I like it. This city is big, isn't it?

• って about; as for: 名前(なまえ)って何(なん)ですか？What's your name?; in spoken Japanese, people use って very often instead of は; ラーメンって好(す)きですか？Do you like ramen? (instead of ラーメンは好(す)きですか？)
• 大(おお)きい big; large; great
• ～よね shares mutual sentiments; confirms some information: 寒(さむ)いよね。 It's cold, right?; よな is sometimes used by male speakers; かわいいよ。 may imply she might not know that she's cute, かわいいね。 may imply you expect her to notice it too, and かわいいよね。implies that it's an obvious fact.

学生：大きいですね、かなり。

学生(がくせい)：大(おお)きいですね、かなり。

Student: Yes, it is quite big.

• ～ね shares information or experiences; softens a sentence; expects an agreement; isn't it?; don't you?; 雨(あめ)だね。Oh, it's raining (as you can see).
• かなり very; considerably; rather; 今日(きょう)はかなり寒(さむ)い。It's very cold today.

先生：人も多いですね。

先生(せんせい)：人(ひと)も多(おお)いですね。

Teacher: There are also a lot of people.

• 人(ひと) person; people; human being
• 多(おお)い many; much; a lot of

Step 2 - Take the Quiz

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Step 3 - Writing Exercises (Optional)

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