2021-Jan-25 Level 1 僕、チョコレートが食べたい。

Lesson Dialogues

Situation 1

Tomo is inviting Jun to go downtown.

トモ：街(まち)に行(い)こうよ。

Tomo: Let's go downtown.

• 街(まち) town; city
• ～に indicates a destination, place or point of attention: 日本(にほん)に行(い)く to go to Japan; 友達(ともだち)に話(はな)す to talk to a friend; indicates the result or goal of an action: 大人(おとな)になる to become an adult; indicates an actor in a passive sentence: 先生(せんせい)に見(み)つかった。I was found by a teacher.
• 行(い)こう ou form of 行(い)く; ～ou expresses suggestion; let's __; 食(た)べよう。 let's eat; 行(い)こう。 let's go; 遊(あそ)ぼう。 let's play; 作(つく)ろう。let's make.
• 行(い)く to go
• ～よ introduces new information; emphasises a sentence; 朝(あさ)だよ！It's morning!

ジュン：えー、この前(まえ)も行(い)ったじゃん。お金(かね)があまりないよ。

Jun: What? We just went the other day. I don't have much money.

• えー expresses surprise or disappointment: えー、本当(ほんとう)？ What? Really?
• この前(まえ) some time ago; recently; lately; the other day; この前(まえ)車(くるま)買(か)ったよ。I bought a car the other day.
• ～も too; also; 私(わたし)も行(い)く！ I'll go too!; but: 頑張(がんば)っても出来(でき)なかった。I tried my best, but I couldn't do it.
• 行(い)った past tense of 行(い)く
• ～じゃん common way of ending a sentence mainly in Kanto region; a colloquial form of じゃない; isn't it
• お金(かね) money
• あまり n. the rest; あまり、あんまり adv. (not) much; often; あまり～ない: 仕事(しごと)があまりない。I don't have a lot of work.
• 無(な)い There is no . . . ; no . . .

トモ：でも、僕(ぼく)、チョコレートが食(た)べたい。

Tomo: But I want to eat chocolate.

• でも but; however; or something; でも、日本(にほん)に行(い)きたい。But, I want to go to Japan; even: プロでも出来(でき)ない。Even professionals can't do it.
• 僕(ぼく) I (used by male speakers)
• チョコレート chocolate
• 食(た)べたい たい form of 食(た)べる; ～たい expresses desire; I want to __
• 食(た)べる to eat

ジュン：わかった。少(すこ)しだけだよ。

Jun: Fine. Just a little bit, alright?

• わかった past tense of わかる
• わかる to understand; to see
• 少(すこ)し a little; a few
• ～だけ only; alone; merely

Situation 2

Sato-san and Suzuki-san are going home together.

鈴木(すずき)：佐藤(さとう)さんは、どこに住(す)んでるんですか？

Suzuki: Sato-san, where do you live?

• どこ where
• 住(す)んで te-form of 住(す)む; te-form is often used to connect to other expressions; te-form may indicate a command; 食(た)べて！Please eat!; it's common to end a sentence with a te-form. Japanese people often don't finish a sentence completely: 昨日(きのう)学校(がっこう)行(い)って、勉強(べんきょう)して。。。I went to school yesterday, studied, and...
• ～ている、てる verb form to express continuation; 食(た)べる + ている = 食(た)べている eating; てる is a colloquial version of ている; some verbs such as 知(し)る uses this form to express the present situation 知(し)っている (I know) but uses the present native form to say the opposite: 知(し)らない (I don't know); often てん in spoken Japanese: それ、知(し)ってんの？Do you know that?
• 住(す)む to live
• ～です polite ending; use this polite form, called "keigo," when you talk to strangers, people who are older than you, and in business situations.
• ～か makes a sentence a question: 日本人(にほんじん)ですか？ Are you Japanese?; usually used with keigo sentences in spoken Japanese; textbooks often drop the question mark, but it's common to use a question mark in real-life situations; making a remark to yourself: 雨(あめ)か。。。It's raining...

佐藤(さとう)：えーと、すぐそこです。

Sato: Um, just there.

• すぐそこ right there

鈴木(すずき)：あの、大(おお)きい家(いえ)ですか？

Suzuki: That big house?

• あの that; those
• 大(おお)きい big; large; great
• 家(いえ) house; home

佐藤(さとう)：はい。

Sato: Yes.

• はい yes

鈴木(すずき)：へー、すごいですね。

Suzuki: Wow, that's amazing.

• へー oh, yes?; really?
• すごい i-adj. fantastic, wonderful, terrible; adv. awfully, very, immensely
• ～ね shares information or experiences; softens a sentence; expects an agreement; isn't it?; don't you?: 雨(あめ)だね。Oh, it's raining (as you can see).

Situation 3

Tomo spoke to Jun, who was carrying luggage.

トモ：それ、一緒(いっしょ)に持(も)つよ。

Tomo: I'll hold that together.

• それ that
• 一緒(いっしょ) together; with
• 持(も)つ to have; to take; to hold

ジュン：本当(ほんとう)？ありがとう。

Jun: Really? Thanks.

• 本当(ほんとう) truth; right; really
• ありがとう thank you; ありがと is colloquial; どうもありがとう thanks a lot

トモ：どこに持(も)って行(い)くの？

Tomo: Where are you bringing it to?

• 持(も)って te-form of 持(も)つ; te-form is often used to connect to other expressions; te-form may indicate a command; 食(た)べて！Please eat!; it's common to end a sentence with a te-form. Japanese people often don't finish a sentence completely: 昨日(きのう)学校(がっこう)行(い)って、勉強(べんきょう)して。。。I went to school yesterday, studied, and...

ジュン：先生(せんせい)のところ。他(ほか)にも、たくさんあるんだ。

Jun: To where Sensei is. There are many others as well.

• 先生(せんせい) teacher; professor; doctor
• ～の indicates possession: 私(わたし)の子供(こども) my child; その車(くるま)、私(わたし)の。That car is mine; 私(わたし)の食(た)べる？Do you want to eat mine?
• 所(ところ) place: 広(ひろ)い所(ところ) a big place; point: わからない所(ところ)ある？Is there anything you don't understand?; part; aspect: どんなところが好(す)き？ What part do you like?; area; explains the current situation: 食(た)べているところ I'm in the middle of eating; 食(た)べたところ I just finished eating (= at the point where I finished eating.)
• 他(ほか) other; another; else; 他(ほか)の人(ひと) other people
• たくさん many; much; a lot
• ある to be (existence); to have (possession); to happen; use ある for objects and いる for people and animals

トモ：わかった。

Tomo: Alright.

Situation 4

Suzuki-san is waiting for Sato-san, who is eating a meal.

鈴木(すずき)：もう終(お)わりましたか？

Suzuki: Have you finished?

• もう already; soon; again; more; strengthens expression of an emotion; filler word: なんか、もう、帰(かえ)ろうよ: Like, let's go home already?
• 終(お)わりました past tense of 終(お)わります
• 終(お)わります ます form of 終(お)わる; ～ます makes a keigo (polite) sentence
• 終(お)わる to end; to finish

佐藤(さとう)：まだ終(お)わらないです。

Sato: I am not done.

• まだ yet; still; まだ帰(かえ)れない。I can't go home yet.
• 終(お)わらない negative form of 終(お)わる

鈴木(すずき)：もう二時(にじ)ですよ。食(た)べるの結構(けっこう)かかりますか？

Suzuki: It's already two o'clock. Will you take long to eat?

• 二(に) two
• 時(とき) time, when; 時(じ) o'clock
• ～の の can make other words, such as verbs, function like a noun: 食(た)べるのはやめる。I will stop eating.
• 結構(けっこう) adv. quite, fairly; na-adj. good
• かかります ます form of かかる; ～ます makes a keigo (polite) sentence
• かかる to take (time, resource); to cost; to hang

佐藤(さとう)：はい、もう少(すこ)しかかると思(おも)います。

Sato: Yes, I think I will take a little longer.

• 思(おも)います ます form of 思(おも)う; ～ます makes a keigo (polite) sentence
• 思(おも)う to think; to believe; to feel; to expect; ～と思(おも)う I think that: 明日(あした)、行(い)くと思(おも)う。I think I will go tomorrow.

Step 2 - Take the Quiz

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Step 3 - Writing Exercises (Optional)

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