2021-Jun-7 Level 1 友達と海に行くの。

Lesson Dialogues

Situation 1

Two coworkers, Sato-san and Shimada-san, are talking in the office.

Comprehension Quiz (Skip if you don't understand the conversation yet)

島田(しまだ)さんは、ご飯(はん)を食(た)べるのが____。

A 早(はや)い
B 大(おお)きい
C かわいい
D 楽(たの)しい

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佐藤(さとう)：島田(しまだ)さん、ご飯(はん)食(た)べるの、早(はや)いですよね。

• ご飯はん rice; meal: 朝あさご飯はん(朝食ちょうしょく・朝飯あさめし) breakfast, 昼ひるご飯はん(昼食ちゅうしょく・昼飯ひるめし) lunch, 夜よるご飯はん(夕飯ゆうはん・夕食ゆうしょく) dinner; supper
• 食たべる to eat
• ～の の can make other words, such as verbs or adjectives, function like a noun: 食たべるのはやめる。I will stop eating. 欲ほしいのはどれ？ Which is the one you want?
• 早はやい early; soon; 速はやい fast
• ～よね shares mutual sentiments; confirms some information: 寒さむいよね。 It's cold, right?; よな is sometimes used by male speakers; かわいいよ。 may imply she might not know that she's cute, かわいいね。 may imply you expect her to notice it too, and かわいいよね。implies that the speaker is fairly certain about the statement and expect the other person to agree.

島田(しまだ)：早(はや)い？普通(ふつう)じゃない？

• 普通ふつう normal; regular; ordinary; common

佐藤(さとう)：昔(むかし)から早(はや)いんですか？

• 昔むかし the past; in the past; once (in the past)
• ～から from; after: 日本にほんから来きました。I'm from Japan.
• ～のです、んです、のだ、んだ、の actually, as a matter of fact: 明日あした、映画えいが見みたいんですよね/だよね。I actually want to watch a movie tomorrow; often used with けど: すいません、トイレに行いきたいんですけど/だけど。。。Excuse me, I'd like to go to the bathroom; used to ask for a reason: なんで明日あした、会社かいしゃ来こないんですか/来こないの？ Why are you not coming to work tomorrow?; used to confirm or react to your observation: もう帰かえるんですか/帰かえるの？ Are you going home already?; emphasizes discontentment or anger: 何なに言いってんだよ/んですか。 what the heck are you talking about?; ～なんだ with nouns, na-adjectives, and adverbs: 明日あした雨あめなんだ。It will rain tomorrow.

島田(しまだ)：そうだね。昔(むかし)からだね。

• そう so (as in "I think so"): そう思おもう。 I think so. ; そうなんだ。 I see.; that is so, that's right
• ～ね shares information or experiences; softens a sentence; expects an agreement; isn't it?; don't you?: 雨あめだね。Oh, it's raining (as you can see).

Situation 2

Tanaka-san is talking to a store clerk while showing something on the smartphone.

Comprehension Quiz (Skip if you don't understand the conversation yet)

田中(たなか)さんは、また来(き)ますか？

A はい
B いいえ

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田中(たなか)：この本(ほん)はありますか？

• これ this, these; この this, these (possessive): この車くるま this car
• 本ほん book
• あります ます form of ある; ～ます makes a keigo (polite) sentence
• ある to be (existence); to have (possession); to happen; use ある for objects and いる for people and animals

店員(てんいん)：ああ、これ、今(いま)なくなっちゃったんですよ。

• 今いま now
• なくなる to disappear; to be gone
• ちゃった past form of ちゃう
• ～てしまう、ちゃう to end up doing; to do accidentally; to do without meaning to; to happen to do; to connect a verb to ちゃう, simply remove た from the paste form: 食たべちゃう to end up eating
• ～よ introduces new information; emphasises a sentence: 朝あさだよ！It's morning!

田中(たなか)：そうなんですか…。

店員(てんいん)：でも、また入(はい)りますよ。

• でも but; however: でも、日本にほんに行いきたい。But, I want to go to Japan; even: プロでも出来できない。Even professionals can't do it.; or something; things like; how about; often used to soften a word and doesn't have a lot of meanings: お茶ちゃでもどう？How about tea?; ラーメンでも食たべる？Do you want to eat (things like) ramen?
• また adv additionally; moreover; conj. again; too; and: また来きます。I'll come here again.
• 入(はい)ります ます form of 入(はい)る; ～ます makes a keigo (polite) sentence
• 入はいる to enter; to come in; to go in

田中(たなか)：じゃあ、また、来(き)ます。

• じゃ、じゃあ well, so, then; if: 雨あめじゃ外そとで遊あそべないね。If it's raining, we can't play outside.
• 来(き)ます ます form of 来(く)る; ～ます makes a keigo (polite) sentence
• 来くる to come

Situation 3

A father is calling out to his daughter Saori.

Comprehension Quiz (Skip if you don't understand the conversation yet)

サオリは____に行(い)く。

A 学校(がっこう)
B 会社(かいしゃ)
C レストラン
D 海(うみ)

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父(ちち)：どこ行(い)くの？

• どこ where
• 行いく to go
• ～の emphasises a sentence or question: 本当ほんとうにできるの？Can you really do it?; できるの！I can do it!; may sound feminine in some cases; 私わたし、できるの。 sounds feminine.

サオリ：友達(ともだち)と海(うみ)に行(い)くの。この前(まえ)言(い)ったじゃん。

• 友達ともだち friend
• 海うみ sea; ocean
• この前まえ some time ago; recently; lately; the other day: この前(まえ)車(くるま)買(か)ったよ。I bought a car the other day.
• 言(い)った past form of 言(い)う
• 言いう to say; to speak; to talk; to mean: どういう意味いみ？What does it mean? 暑あついっていう意味いみ。It means "hot".
• ～じゃん、～じゃない、～じゃないですか じゃん: common way of ending a sentence mainly in Kanto region, a colloquial form of じゃない; isn't it; 今日きょう寒さむいじゃん。だから出でかけない。It's cold today, right? So I won't go out; You know I don't have money, right?; 鈴木すずきさん、会社かいしゃ来きたじゃないですか？何なんでですか？ Suzuki-san came to work, right? Why?; expresses a slight surprise or emphasizes a remark: へえ、歌うた、うまいじゃん。Wow, you are a good singer.

父(ちち)：聞(き)いてないよ。

• 聞(き)いて te-form of 聞(き)く; te-form is often used to connect to other expressions; te-form may indicate a command; 食(た)べて！Please eat!; it's common to end a sentence with a te-form. Japanese people often don't finish a sentence completely: 昨日学校行(きのうがっこうい)って、勉強(べんきょう)して。。。I went to school yesterday, studied, and...
• 聞きく to hear; to listen; to ask; to obey
• ～て(い)ない negative form of ～て(い)る
• ～ている、てる verb form to express continuation; 食たべる + ている = 食たべている eating; てる is a colloquial version of ている; some verbs such as 知しる uses this form to express the present situation 知しっている (I know) but uses the present native form to say the opposite: 知しらない (I don't know); often てん in spoken Japanese: それ、知しってんの？Do you know that?

サオリ：言(い)ったよ！私(わたし)の話(はなし)、聞(き)いてないんだよね。

• 話はなし story; talk

父(ちち)：ごめん、ごめん。

Situation 4

Manami is showing her friend, Lisa, a photograph.

Comprehension Quiz (Skip if you don't understand the conversation yet)

マナミの子供(こども)たちは、大(おお)きいですか？

A はい
B いいえ

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マナミ：見(み)て。うちの子供(こども)たち。

• 見みて te-form of 見みる; te-form is often used to connect to other expressions; te-form may indicate a command; 食たべて！Please eat!; it's common to end a sentence with a te-form. Japanese people often don't finish a sentence completely: 昨日学校行きのうがっこういって、勉強べんきょうして。。。I went to school yesterday, studied, and...
• 見みる to see; to look; to watch; to check; we use 観みる for things like sports or TV shows
• うち inside; of; before; home; my place; family; うちの my: うちの家いえ my home
• 子供こども child
• ～たち makes a noun (mostly people, animals) plural: 私わたしたち we, 子こどもたち children, クマたち bears

リサ：マナミの子供(こども)たち？

マナミ：そう！

リサ：まだ小(ちい)さいんだね。かわいい！

• まだ yet; still: まだ帰かえれない。I can't go home yet.
• 小ちいさい small; little; tiny
• かわいい cute; nice; lovely

マナミ：もう、毎日(まいにち)、大変(たいへん)。でも楽(たの)しいよ。

• もう already; soon; again; more; strengthens expression of an emotion; filler word: なんか、もう、帰かえろうよ。 Like, let's go home already?
• 毎日まいにち every day
• 大変たいへん serious; terrible; hard; difficult
• 楽たのしい pleasant; happy; enjoyable; fun

Step 2 - Take the Quiz

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Step 3 - Writing Exercises (Optional)

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