2021-Jul-5 Level 1 このケーキ、リサが作ったの?

Lesson Dialogues

Situation 1

Lisa and Hiromi are talking.

Comprehension Quiz (Skip if you don't understand the conversation yet)

ケーキは____が作(つく)った。

A リサの友達(ともだち)
B ヒロミの家族(かぞく)
C ヒロミ
D リサ


ヒロミ:このケーキ、リサが作(つく)ったの?

  • これ this, these; この this, these (possessive): この車くるま this car
  • ケーキ cake
  • 作つくった past form of 作つくる
  • 作つくる to make; to create; to cook
  • ~の emphasises a sentence or question: 本当ほんとうにできるの?Can you really do it?; できるの!I can do it!; may sound feminine in some cases; 私わたし、できるの。 sounds feminine.

リサ:うん!食(た)べて。

  • うん (casual, non-keigo) yes; yeah
  • 食(た)べて te-form of 食(た)べる; te-form is often used to connect to other expressions; te-form may indicate a command; 食(た)べて!Please eat!; it's common to end a sentence with a te-form. Japanese people often don't finish a sentence completely: 昨日学校行(きのうがっこうい)って、勉強(べんきょう)して。。。I went to school yesterday, studied, and...
  • 食たべる to eat

ヒロミ:おいしい!これ、どうやって作(つく)るの?

  • おいしい delicious; tasty
  • どう how; what: どう思おもう?What do you think?; how about: ラーメンどう?How about (eating) ramen?
  • やって te-form of やる; te-form is often used to connect to other expressions; te-form may indicate a command; 食(た)べて!Please eat!; it's common to end a sentence with a te-form. Japanese people often don't finish a sentence completely: 昨日学校行(きのうがっこうい)って、勉強(べんきょう)して。。。I went to school yesterday, studied, and...
  • やる to do; to give; often more casual than する
  • どうやって how

リサ:簡単(かんたん)だから、教(おし)えるよ。

  • 簡単かんたん easy
  • ~から because; since: 雨あめだから行いきません。I won't go because it's raining.; use だから with nouns and na-adjectives.
  • 教おしえる to teach; to tell
  • ~よ introduces new information; emphasises a sentence: 朝あさだよ!It's morning!

Situation 2

The couple Makoto and Yuka are talking in a town.

Comprehension Quiz (Skip if you don't understand the conversation yet)

マコトとユカはこの街(まち)で、____を買(か)いたい。

A 家族(かぞく)
B 本(ほん)
C 家(いえ)
D 写真(しゃしん)


マコト:この街(まち)、子供(こども)の時(とき)、よく来(き)たなー。

  • 町(まち)、街(まち) town; city
  • 子供こども child
  • 時とき time, when: 子供こどもの時とき when I was a child; 時(じ) o'clock
  • よく good; well; often: 日本にほんによく行いきます。 I go to Japan often.
  • 来(き)た past form of 来(く)る
  • 来くる to come
  • ~な expresses emotions; emphasises the emotion; softens the sentence; often なー: 日本にほんへ行いきたいな。I want to go to Japan; かわいいなー。It's so cute.

ユカ:へぇ。きれいだし、いい所(ところ)だね。

  • へぇ、へー oh, yes?; really?
  • きれい beautiful; pretty; clean
  • ~し and; besides; because, since: 雨あめだし行いかない。/行いかない、雨あめだし。 I won't go. Besides, it's raining.
  • 良(よ)い、いい good: 映画えいがよかった! The film was great!; you may use this to indicate your preference or choice: 私わたし、ラーメンがいい。I'd like to choose ramen; いいね is the Japanese version of "like" on social media.
  • 所ところ place: 広ひろい所ところ a big place; point: わからない所ところある?Is there anything you don't understand?; part; aspect: どんなところが好すき? What part do you like?; area; explains the current situation: 食たべているところ I'm in the middle of eating; 食たべたところ I just finished eating (= at the point where I finished eating.)
  • ~ね shares information or experiences; softens a sentence; expects an agreement; isn't it?; don't you?: 雨あめだね。Oh, it's raining (as you can see).

マコト:この街(まち)に、家(いえ)を買(か)って住(す)みたいね。

  • 家いえ house; home
  • 買(か)って te-form of 買(か)う; te-form is often used to connect to other expressions; te-form may indicate a command; 食(た)べて!Please eat!; it's common to end a sentence with a te-form. Japanese people often don't finish a sentence completely: 昨日学校行(きのうがっこうい)って、勉強(べんきょう)して。。。I went to school yesterday, studied, and...
  • 買かう to buy
  • 住(す)みたい たい form of 住(す)む; ~たい expresses desire; I want to __
  • 住すむ to live

ユカ:うん。私(わたし)もそう思(おも)う。

  • そう so (as in "I think so"): そう思おもう。 I think so. ; そうなんだ。 I see.; that is so, that's right
  • 思おもう to think; to believe; to feel; to expect; ~と思おもう to think that: 明日あした、行いくと思おもう。I think I will go tomorrow.

Situation 3

Tanaka-san and Takahashi-san are talking at the company.

Comprehension Quiz (Skip if you don't understand the conversation yet)

佐藤(さとう)さんは、もう帰かえっちゃいましたか?

A はい
B いいえ


田中(たなか):佐藤(さとう)さん、もう帰(かえ)っちゃいました?

  • もう already; soon; again; more; strengthens expression of an emotion; filler word: なんか、もう、帰かえろうよ。 Like, let's go home already?
  • 帰かえる to return; to go home; to go back
  • ~ちゃいました ます form of ~ちゃった; ~ます makes a keigo (polite) sentence
  • ~ちゃった past form of ~ちゃう
  • ~てしまう、ちゃう to end up doing; to do accidentally; to do without meaning to; to happen to do; to connect a verb to ちゃう, simply remove た from the past form: 食たべちゃう to end up eating

高橋(たかはし):ちょうど今(いま)、帰(かえ)りましたよ。

  • ちょうど just; exactly: ちょうど鈴木すずきさん来きたよ!Suzuki-san just came; 気温きおんちょうどいいよ。The temperature is just right.
  • 今いま now
  • 帰(かえ)りました past form of 帰(かえ)ります
  • 帰(かえ)ります ます form of 帰(かえ)る; ~ます makes a keigo (polite) sentence

田中(たなか):佐藤(さとう)さんのスマホ、ここにあるんですけど。

  • スマホ = スマートフォン smartphone
  • ここ here
  • ある to be (existence); to have (possession); to happen; use ある for objects and いる for people and animals
  • ~のです、んです、のだ、んだ、の actually, as a matter of fact: 明日あした、映画えいが見みたいんですよね/だよね。I actually want to watch a movie tomorrow; often used with けど: すいません、トイレに行いきたいんですけど/だけど。。。Excuse me, I'd like to go to the bathroom; used to ask for a reason: なんで明日あした、会社かいしゃ来こないんですか/来こないの? Why are you not coming to work tomorrow?; used to confirm or react to your observation: もう帰かえるんですか/帰かえるの? Are you going home already?; emphasizes discontentment or anger: 何なに言いってんだよ/んですか。 What the heck are you talking about?; ~なんだ with nouns, na-adjectives, and adverbs: 明日あした雨あめなんだ。It will rain tomorrow.
  • けれど、けど but; however; although; though; a lot of people finish a sentence with (だ)けど because it makes the sentence less direct.

高橋(たかはし):それは大変(たいへん)だ!

  • それ that; those
  • 大変たいへん serious; terrible; hard; difficult

Situation 4

Yuka and Takashi are talking.

Comprehension Quiz (Skip if you don't understand the conversation yet)

鈴木(すずき)くんは、彼女(かのじょ)ができましたか?

A はい
B いいえ


ユウカ:あの人(ひと)、鈴木(すずき)くんの彼女(かのじょ)だ。

  • あの that; those
  • 人ひと person; people; human being
  • 彼女かのじょ she; girlfriend

タカシ:鈴木(すずき)、彼女(かのじょ)できたの?

  • できた past form of できる
  • できる to be able to do, to be good at; to be ready; to be made: 彼女かのじょができる=to find a girlfriend; 友達ともだちができる=to make a friend

ユウカ:鈴木(すずき)くん、前(まえ)からあの人(ひと)好(す)きだったみたい。

  • 前まえ forward; front; before
  • ~から from; after: 日本にほんから来きました。I'm from Japan.
  • 好すき favorite; to like; to love
  • ~だった past form of nouns and na-adjectives: 雨あめだった。 It was raining.
  • ~みたい like; it seems that...; as if...: 明日あした雨あめみたい。 it seems like it's raining tomorrow.

タカシ:へー!全然(ぜんぜん)知(し)らなかった。

  • 全(ぜん)然(ぜん) (not) at all; utterly; completely; usually used with a negative form: 全(ぜん)然(ぜん)分(わ)からない。I don't understand at all; (a lot of people use it with affirmative forms lately): 全然(ぜんぜん)できるよ。I can easily do it.
  • 知(し)らなかった past form of 知(し)らない
  • 知(し)らない negative form of 知(し)る
  • 知しる to know; use the te-form to say "I know": そのアニメ知しってるよ。I know that anime.

Step 2 - Take the Quiz

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Step 3 - Writing Exercises (Optional)

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austin-david
austin-david
4 years ago

In situation 3, could you also say これは問題よ!
For “That’s a problem?”

Hana-Sensei
Editor
Hana-Sensei
4 years ago
Reply to  austin-david

Yes, you can, except これ means “this.”
これは問題だ ー This is a problem.
それは問題だ ー That is a problem.

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