Lesson Dialogues
Situation 1
Aiko and Takashi are looking at a photo.
Comprehension Quiz (Skip if you don't understand the conversation yet)
写真は、誰のですか?
A 愛子
B 愛子の家族
C 孝の友達
D 孝の家族
愛子:これは誰の写真?
- これ this, these; この this, these (possessive): この車 this car
- 誰 who
- 写真 picture; photo
孝:僕の家族だよ。
- 僕 I (used by male speakers)
- 家族 family
- ~よ introduces new information; emphasises a sentence: 朝だよ!It's morning!
愛子:いいね。
- いい good: 映画よかった! The film was great!; you may use this to indicate your preference or choice: 私、ラーメンがいい。I'd like to choose ramen; いいね is the Japanese version of "like" on social media.
- ~ね shares information or experiences; softens a sentence; expects an agreement; isn't it?, don't you?: 雨だね。Oh, it's raining (as you can see).
孝:みんなよく喋るんだ。
- みんな everyone (often みなさん); everything
- よく good; well; often: 日本によく行きます。 I go to Japan often.
- 喋る to talk, to chat; more casual and colloquial than 話す
- ~のです、んです、のだ、んだ、の actually, as a matter of fact: 明日、映画見たいんですよね/だよね。I actually want to watch a movie tomorrow; often used with けど: すいません、トイレに行きたいんですけど/だけど。。。Excuse me, I'd like to go to the bathroom; used to ask for a reason: なんで明日、会社来ないんですか/来ないの? Why are you not coming to work tomorrow?; used to confirm or react to your observation: もう帰るんですか/帰るの? Are you going home already?; emphasizes discontentment or anger: 何言ってんだよ/んですか。 What the heck are you talking about?; ~なんだ with nouns, na-adjectives, and adverbs: 明日雨なんだ。It will rain tomorrow.
愛子:話すのが好きなんだね。
- 話す to talk; to tell; to speak
- ~の の can make other words, such as verbs or adjectives, function like a noun: 食べるのはやめる。I will stop eating; 欲しいのはどれ? Which is the one you want?
- 好き favorite; to like; to love
孝:うん。一緒にいて楽しいよ。
- うん (casual, non-keigo) yes; yeah
- 一緒 together; with
- いて te-form of いる; te-form is often used to connect to other expressions; te-form may indicate a command: 食べて!Please eat!; it's common to end a sentence with a te-form. Japanese people often don't finish a sentence completely: 昨日学校行って、勉強して。。。I went to school yesterday, studied, and…
- いる to be; to exist; to stay; use ある for objects and いる for people and animals
- 楽しい pleasant; happy; enjoyable; fun
Situation 2
A teacher and a student are talking.
Comprehension Quiz (Skip if you don't understand the conversation yet)
生徒は、問題が 。
A わかった
B まだ、わからない
先生:この問題、わかった?
- 問題 problem; question
- わかった past form of わかる
- わかる to understand; to see
生徒:いえ、まだ。
- いや、いえ no; colloquial version of いいえ
- まだ yet; still: まだ帰れない。I can't go home yet.
先生:そっか。教えようか?
- そうか、そっか is that so?; I see; you're right; そっか is colloquial
- 教えよう ou form of 教える; ~ou expresses suggestion; let's __; 食べよう。 let's eat; 行こう。 let's go; 遊ぼう。 let's play; 作ろう。let's make.
- 教える to teach; to tell
生徒:いや、もう少し考えます。大変ですけど。
- もう already; soon; again; more; strengthens expression of an emotion; filler word: なんか、もう、帰ろうよ。 Like, let's go home already?
- 少し a little; a few
- 考えます ます form of 考える; ~ます makes a keigo (polite) sentence
- 考える to think
- 大変 serious; terrible; hard; difficult
- けれど、けど but; however; although; though; a lot of people finish a sentence with (だ)けど because it makes the sentence less direct.
先生:でも、自分でやるのはいいことだよ。
- でも but; however: でも、日本に行きたい。But, I want to go to Japan; even: プロでも出来ない。Even professionals can't do it; or something; things like; how about; often used to soften a word and doesn't have a lot of meanings: お茶でもどう?How about tea?; ラーメンでも食べる?Do you want to eat (things like) ramen?
- 自分 oneself
- やる to do; to give; often more casual than する
- 事 thing: 大事なこと an important thing; こと converts a sentence into a massive noun: 明日、日本に行くことは難しい。 It's difficult to go to Japan tomorrow. ("明日、日本に行くこと" works like a big chunk of noun)
Situation 3
Takashi's mother calls out to Takashi, who is heading out.
Comprehension Quiz (Skip if you don't understand the conversation yet)
孝は、どこへ行きますか?
A 大学
B 映画
C 友達の家
D 新しい店
お母さん:今日は大学?
- 今日 today
- 大学 university; college
孝:ううん、今日は遊ぶ。
- ううん nuh-uh; no (non keigo)
- 遊ぶ to play; to enjoy oneself; to meet up (with friends), to hang out
お母さん:え?どこ行くの?
- えー、え expresses surprise or disappointment: えー、本当? What? Really?
- どこ where
- 行く to go
- ~の emphasises a sentence or question: 本当にできるの?Can you really do it?; できるの!I can do it!; may sound feminine in some cases; 私、できるの。 sounds feminine.
孝:映画観るよ、友達と。新しいのがあるから。
- 映画 movie
- 見る、観る to see; to look; to watch; to check; we use 観る for things like sports or TV shows
- 友達 friend
- 新しい new; fresh
- ある to be (existence); to have (possession); to happen; use ある for objects and いる for people and animals
- ~から because; since: 雨だから行きません。I won't go because it's raining.; use だから with nouns and na-adjectives.
お母さん:わかった。
Situation 4
A subordinate is approached by her boss.
Comprehension Quiz (Skip if you don't understand the conversation yet)
部下は、今、時間が 。
A ある
B ない
上司:おつかれ。今、時間ある?
- おつかれ、おつかれさまです、おつかれさまでした good job; expression used to thank someone for hard work; also used as a greeting
- 今 now
- 時間 time; hour: 一時間 one hour, 二時間 two hours
部下:はい、あります。何ですか?
- あります ます form of ある; ~ます makes a keigo (polite) sentence
- 何 what
上司:ちょっとこの店に電話して。
- ちょっと (just) a little; a bit; (conversation filler)
- 店 store; shop; restaurant
- 電話して te-form of 電話する; te-form is often used to connect to other expressions; te-form may indicate a command: 食べて!Please eat!; it's common to end a sentence with a te-form. Japanese people often don't finish a sentence completely: 昨日学校行って、勉強して。。。I went to school yesterday, studied, and…
- 電話 telephone, call; 電話する to call (on the phone)
部下:わかりました。
- わかりました past form of わかります
- わかります ます form of わかる; ~ます makes a keigo (polite) sentence
上司:やってる曜日と時間、聞いて。
- やって te-form of やる; te-form is often used to connect to other expressions; te-form may indicate a command: 食べて!Please eat!; it's common to end a sentence with a te-form. Japanese people often don't finish a sentence completely: 昨日学校行って、勉強して。。。I went to school yesterday, studied, and…
- ~ている、てる verb form to express continuation; 食べる + ている = 食べている eating; てる is a colloquial version of ている; some verbs such as 知る uses this form to express the present situation 知っている (I know) but uses the present native form to say the opposite: 知らない (I don't know); often てん in spoken Japanese: それ、知ってんの?Do you know that?
- 曜日 days of the week;月曜日 Monday 火曜日 Tuesday 水曜日 Wednesday 木曜日 Thursday 金曜日 Friday 土曜日 Saturday 日曜日 Sunday
- 聞いて te-form of 聞く; te-form is often used to connect to other expressions; te-form may indicate a command: 食べて!Please eat!; it's common to end a sentence with a te-form. Japanese people often don't finish a sentence completely: 昨日学校行って、勉強して。。。I went to school yesterday, studied, and…
- 聞く、聴く to hear; to listen; to ask; to obey
Step 2 - Take the Quiz
Let's see how many words you remember.
Take the quiz here.
Step 3 - Writing Exercises (Optional)
Let's practice what you learned here.