2021-Jul-19 Level 1 誰の写真?

Lesson Dialogues

Situation 1

Aiko and Takashi are looking at a photo.

Comprehension Quiz (Skip if you don't understand the conversation yet)

写真しゃしんは、だれのですか?

A 愛子あいこ
B 愛子あいこ家族かぞく
C たかし友達ともだち
D たかし家族かぞく


愛子(あいこ):これは(だれ)写真(しゃしん)

  • これ this, these; この this, these (possessive): この(くるま) this car
  • (だれ) who
  • 写真(しゃしん) picture; photo

(たかし)(ぼく)家族(かぞく)だよ。

  • (ぼく) I (used by male speakers)
  • 家族(かぞく) family
  • ~よ introduces new information; emphasises a sentence: (あさ)だよ!It's morning!

愛子(あいこ):いいね。

  • いい good: 映画(えいが)よかった! The film was great!; you may use this to indicate your preference or choice: (わたし)、ラーメンがいい。I'd like to choose ramen; いいね is the Japanese version of "like" on social media.
  • ~ね shares information or experiences; softens a sentence; expects an agreement; isn't it?, don't you?: (あめ)だね。Oh, it's raining (as you can see).

(たかし):みんなよく(しゃべ)るんだ。

  • みんな everyone (often みなさん); everything
  • よく good; well; often: 日本(にほん)によく()きます。 I go to Japan often.
  • (しゃべ) to talk, to chat; more casual and colloquial than はな
  • ~のです、んです、のだ、んだ、の actually, as a matter of fact: 明日(あした)映画(えいが)()たいんですよね/だよね。I actually want to watch a movie tomorrow; often used with けど: すいません、トイレに()きたいんですけど/だけど。。。Excuse me, I'd like to go to the bathroom; used to ask for a reason: なんで明日(あした)会社(かいしゃ)()ないんですか/()ないの? Why are you not coming to work tomorrow?; used to confirm or react to your observation: もう(かえ)るんですか/(かえ)るの? Are you going home already?; emphasizes discontentment or anger: (なに)()ってんだよ/んですか。 What the heck are you talking about?; ~なんだ with nouns, na-adjectives, and adverbs: 明日(あした)(あめ)なんだ。It will rain tomorrow.

愛子(あいこ)(はな)すのが()きなんだね。

  • (はな) to talk; to tell; to speak
  • ~の の can make other words, such as verbs or adjectives, function like a noun: ()べるのはやめる。I will stop eating; ()しいのはどれ? Which is the one you want?
  • () favorite; to like; to love

(たかし):うん。一緒(いっしょ)にいて(たの)しいよ。

  • うん (casual, non-keigo) yes; yeah
  • 一緒(いっしょ) together; with
  • いて te-form of いる; te-form is often used to connect to other expressions; te-form may indicate a command: べて!Please eat!; it's common to end a sentence with a te-form. Japanese people often don't finish a sentence completely: 昨日きのう学校がっこうって、勉強べんきょうして。。。I went to school yesterday, studied, and…
  • いる to be; to exist; to stay; use ある for objects and いる for people and animals
  • (たの)しい pleasant; happy; enjoyable; fun

Situation 2

A teacher and a student are talking.

Comprehension Quiz (Skip if you don't understand the conversation yet)

生徒せいとは、問題もんだい  

A わかった
B まだ、わからない


先生(せんせい):この問題(もんだい)、わかった?

  • 問題(もんだい) problem; question
  • わかった past form of わかる
  • わかる to understand; to see

生徒(せいと):いえ、まだ。

  • いや、いえ no; colloquial version of いいえ
  • まだ yet; still: まだ(かえ)れない。I can't go home yet.

先生(せんせい):そっか。(おし)えようか?

  • そうか、そっか is that so?; I see; you're right; そっか is colloquial
  • おしえよう ou form of おしえる; ~ou expresses suggestion; let's __; べよう。 let's eat; こう。 let's go; あそぼう。 let's play; つくろう。let's make.
  • (おし)える to teach; to tell

生徒(せいと):いや、もう(すこ)(かんが)えます。大変(たいへん)ですけど。

  • もう already; soon; again; more; strengthens expression of an emotion; filler word: なんか、もう、(かえ)ろうよ。 Like, let's go home already?
  • (すこ) a little; a few
  • かんがえます ます form of かんがえる; ~ます makes a keigo (polite) sentence
  • (かんが)える to think
  • 大変(たいへん) serious; terrible; hard; difficult
  • けれど、けど but; however; although; though; a lot of people finish a sentence with (だ)けど because it makes the sentence less direct.

先生(せんせい):でも、自分(じぶん)でやるのはいいことだよ。

  • でも but; however: でも、日本(にほん)()きたい。But, I want to go to Japan; even: プロでも出来(でき)ない。Even professionals can't do it; or something; things like; how about; often used to soften a word and doesn't have a lot of meanings: お(ちゃ)でもどう?How about tea?; ラーメンでも()べる?Do you want to eat (things like) ramen?
  • 自分(じぶん) oneself
  • やる to do; to give; often more casual than する
  • (こと) thing: 大事(だいじ)なこと an important thing; こと converts a sentence into a massive noun: 明日(あした)日本(にほん)()くことは(むずか)しい。 It's difficult to go to Japan tomorrow. ("明日(あした)日本(にほん)()くこと" works like a big chunk of noun)

Situation 3

Takashi's mother calls out to Takashi, who is heading out.

Comprehension Quiz (Skip if you don't understand the conversation yet)

たかしは、どこへきますか?

A 大学だいがく
B 映画えいが
C 友達ともだちいえ
D あたらしいみせ


(かあ)さん:今日(きょう)大学(だいがく)

  • 今日(きょう) today
  • 大学(だいがく) university; college

(たかし):ううん、今日(きょう)(あそ)ぶ。

  • ううん nuh-uh; no (non keigo)
  • (あそ) to play; to enjoy oneself; to meet up (with friends), to hang out

(かあ)さん:え?どこ()くの?

  • えー、え expresses surprise or disappointment: えー、本当(ほんとう)? What? Really?
  • どこ where
  • () to go
  • ~の emphasises a sentence or question: 本当(ほんとう)にできるの?Can you really do it?; できるの!I can do it!; may sound feminine in some cases; (わたし)、できるの。 sounds feminine.

(たかし)映画(えいが)()るよ、友達(ともだち)と。(あたら)しいのがあるから。

  • 映画(えいが) movie
  • ()る、() to see; to look; to watch; to check; we use ()る for things like sports or TV shows
  • 友達(ともだち) friend
  • (あたら)しい new; fresh
  • ある to be (existence); to have (possession); to happen; use ある for objects and いる for people and animals
  • ~から because; since: (あめ)だから()きません。I won't go because it's raining.; use だから with nouns and na-adjectives.

(かあ)さん:わかった。

    Situation 4

    A subordinate is approached by her boss.

    Comprehension Quiz (Skip if you don't understand the conversation yet)

    部下ぶかは、いま時間じかん  

    A ある
    B ない


    上司(じょうし):おつかれ。(いま)時間(じかん)ある?

    • おつかれ、おつかれさまです、おつかれさまでした good job; expression used to thank someone for hard work; also used as a greeting
    • (いま) now
    • 時間(じかん) time; hour: 一時間(いちじかん) one hour, 二時間(にじかん) two hours

    部下(ぶか):はい、あります。(なん)ですか?

    • あります ます form of ある; ~ます makes a keigo (polite) sentence
    • (なに) what

    上司(じょうし):ちょっとこの(みせ)電話(でんわ)して。

    • ちょっと (just) a little; a bit; (conversation filler)
    • (みせ) store; shop; restaurant
    • 電話でんわして te-form of 電話でんわする; te-form is often used to connect to other expressions; te-form may indicate a command: べて!Please eat!; it's common to end a sentence with a te-form. Japanese people often don't finish a sentence completely: 昨日きのう学校がっこうって、勉強べんきょうして。。。I went to school yesterday, studied, and…
    • 電話(でんわ) telephone, call; 電話(でんわ)する to call (on the phone)

    部下(ぶか):わかりました。

    • わかりました past form of わかります
    • わかります ます form of わかる; ~ます makes a keigo (polite) sentence

    上司(じょうし):やってる曜日(ようび)時間(じかん)()いて。

    • やって te-form of やる; te-form is often used to connect to other expressions; te-form may indicate a command: べて!Please eat!; it's common to end a sentence with a te-form. Japanese people often don't finish a sentence completely: 昨日きのう学校がっこうって、勉強べんきょうして。。。I went to school yesterday, studied, and…
    • ~ている、てる verb form to express continuation; ()べる + ている = ()べている eating; てる is a colloquial version of ている; some verbs such as ()る uses this form to express the present situation ()っている (I know) but uses the present native form to say the opposite: ()らない (I don't know); often てん in spoken Japanese: それ、()ってんの?Do you know that?
    • 曜日(ようび) days of the week;月曜日(げつようび) Monday 火曜日(かようび) Tuesday 水曜日(すいようび) Wednesday 木曜日(もくようび) Thursday 金曜日(きんようび) Friday 土曜日(どようび) Saturday 日曜日(にちようび) Sunday
    • いて te-form of く; te-form is often used to connect to other expressions; te-form may indicate a command: べて!Please eat!; it's common to end a sentence with a te-form. Japanese people often don't finish a sentence completely: 昨日きのう学校がっこうって、勉強べんきょうして。。。I went to school yesterday, studied, and…
    • ()く、() to hear; to listen; to ask; to obey

    Step 2 - Take the Quiz

    Let's see how many words you remember.
    Take the quiz here.

    Step 3 - Writing Exercises (Optional)

    Let's practice what you learned here.

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