Lesson Dialogues
Situation 1
Two sisters are talking about the beach.
Comprehension Quiz (Skip if you don't understand the conversation yet)
姉は、友達と海に行きましたか?
A はい
B いいえ
姉:この前、友達と海に行ったんだよね。
- この前 some time ago; recently; lately; the other day: この前車買ったよ。I bought a car the other day.
- 友達 friend
- 海 sea; ocean
- 行った past form of 行く
- 行く to go
- ~のです、んです、のだ、んだ、の actually, as a matter of fact: 明日、映画見たいんですよね/だよね。I actually want to watch a movie tomorrow; often used with けど: すいません、トイレに行きたいんですけど/だけど。。。Excuse me, I'd like to go to the bathroom; used to ask for a reason: なんで明日、会社来ないんですか/来ないの? Why are you not coming to work tomorrow?; used to confirm or react to your observation: もう帰るんですか/帰るの? Are you going home already?; emphasizes discontentment or anger: 何言ってんだよ/んですか。 What the heck are you talking about?; ~なんだ with nouns, na-adjectives, and adverbs: 明日雨なんだ。It will rain tomorrow.
- ~よね、よな shares mutual sentiments; confirms some information: 寒いよね。 It's cold, right?; よな is sometimes used by male speakers; かわいいよ。 may imply she might not know that she's cute, かわいいね。 may imply you expect her to notice it too, and かわいいよね。implies that the speaker is fairly certain about the statement and expect the other person to agree.
妹:へー。楽しかった?
- へー oh, yes?; really?
- 楽しかった past form of 楽しい
- 楽しい pleasant; happy; enjoyable; fun
姉:うん!
- うん (casual, non-keigo) yes; yeah
妹:今度、私も一緒に行きたいなー。
- 今度 next time; sometime; this time
- 一緒 together; with
- 行きたい たい form of 行く; ~たい expresses desire; I want to __
- ~な expresses emotions; emphasises the emotion; softens the sentence; often なー: 日本へ行きたいな。I want to go to Japan; かわいいなー。It's so cute.
姉:そうだね、行こっか!
- そう so (as in "I think so"): そう思う。 I think so. ; そうなんだ。 I see.; that is so, that's right
- ~ね shares information or experiences; softens a sentence; expects an agreement; isn't it?, don't you?: 雨だね。Oh, it's raining (as you can see).
- 行こっか colloquial form of 行こうか
- 行こう ou form of 行く; ~ou expresses suggestion; let's __; 食べよう。 let's eat; 行こう。 let's go; 遊ぼう。 let's play; 作ろう。let's make.
Situation 2
Ken is telling Kazuya about his frustration with his girlfriend.
Comprehension Quiz (Skip if you don't understand the conversation yet)
____は、毎日電話が長い。
A ケン
B ケンの彼女
C カズヤ
D カズヤの友達
ケン:彼女、毎日電話長いんだ。
- 彼女 she; girlfriend
- 毎日 every day
- 電話 telephone, call; 電話する to call (on the phone)
- 長い long
カズヤ:どのくらいかかるの?
- どの which; what; どの映画見る?What (which) film are we going to watch?
- ~くらい about; around; as ... as ...; like; to there point where: 時間を忘れるくらい楽しかった。It was so fun that I almost forgot time.
- かかる to take (time, resource); to cost; to hang
ケン:3時間とか…。
- 時間 time; hour: 一時間 one hour, 二時間 two hours
- ~とか such as; or something; and so on; something like: 家とか車とか買いたい。I want to buy things like cars or houses; people often add とか to soften a word: 車とか買いたい。I want to buy a car (とか here doesn't always have a lot of meaning depending on the context).
カズヤ:そんなに話すことある?
- そんな that; such: そんな事はできない。I can't do such a thing; そんなに so much; so; like that; often そんなに~ない: そんなに食べれない。I can't eat that much.
- 話す to talk; to tell; to speak
- こと thing: 大事なこと an important thing; こと converts a sentence into a massive noun: 明日、日本に行くことは難しい。 It's difficult to go to Japan tomorrow. ("明日、日本に行くこと" works like a big chunk of noun)
- ある to be (existence); to have (possession); to happen; use ある for objects and いる for people and animals
ケン:俺もそう思うよ…。
- 俺 I (used by male speakers)
- 思う to think; to believe; to feel; to expect; ~と思う to think that: 明日、行くと思う。I think I will go tomorrow.
- ~よ introduces new information; emphasises a sentence: 朝だよ!It's morning!
Situation 3
Inoue-san is looking at a photo that Yamada-san had taken.
Comprehension Quiz (Skip if you don't understand the conversation yet)
最近のスマホは____。
A すごい
B 大きい
C 楽しい
D かわいい
井上:きれいな写真ですね。
- きれい beautiful; pretty; clean
- 写真 picture; photo
山田:この写真、スマホで撮ったんですよ。
- これ this, these; この this, these (possessive): この車 this car
- スマホ = スマートフォン smartphone
- 撮った past form of 撮る
- 取る to take; to get; to have; to pass; 撮る to take (pictures, movies, etc.)
井上:最近のスマホはすごいですね。
- 最近 recently; lately
- すごい i-adj fantastic, wonderful, terrible; adv awfully, very, immensely
山田:そうですね。昔では考えられません。
- 昔 the past; in the past; once (in the past)
- 考え(ら)れません negative form of 考え(ら)れます
- 考え(ら)れます keigo (polite) form of 考え(ら)れる
- 考え(ら)れる potential form of 考える; ~(ら)れる expresses possibility; can; can be; some people consider ~られる is a correct from, however, many people use ~れる in spoken Japanese
- 考える to think
Situation 4
Miyazawa-san and Yamamoto-san are talking during their lunch break.
Comprehension Quiz (Skip if you don't understand the conversation yet)
山本さんは、ご飯をもう食べましたか?
A はい
B いいえ
宮沢:ご飯はもう食べましたか?
- ご飯 rice; meal: 朝ご飯(朝食・朝飯) breakfast, 昼ご飯(昼食・昼飯) lunch, 夜ご飯(夕飯・夕食) dinner; supper
- もう already; soon; again; more; strengthens expression of an emotion; filler word: なんか、もう、帰ろうよ。 Like, let's go home already?
- 食べました past form of 食べます
- 食べます ます form of 食べる; ~ます makes a keigo (polite) sentence
- 食べる to eat
山本:まだです。今から食べるところです。
- まだ yet; still: まだ帰れない。I can't go home yet.
- 今 now
- ~から from; after: 日本から来ました。I'm from Japan.
- ところ place, area: 広い所 a big place; point: わからない所ある?Is there anything you don't understand?; part, aspect: どんなところが好き? What part do you like?; explains the current situation: 食べているところ I'm in the middle of eating; 食べたところ I just finished eating (= at the point where I finished eating.)
宮沢:じゃあ、一緒にお店に行きませんか?
- じゃあ well, so, then; if: 雨じゃ外で遊べないね。If it's raining, we can't play outside.
- 店 store; shop; restaurant
- 行きません negative form of 行きます
- 行きます ます form of 行く; ~ます makes a keigo (polite) sentence
山本:いいですね。
- いい good: 映画よかった! The film was great!; you may use this to indicate your preference or choice: 私、ラーメンがいい。I'd like to choose ramen; いいね is the Japanese version of "like" on social media.
Step 2 - Take the Quiz
Let's see how many words you remember.
Take the quiz here.
Step 3 - Writing Exercises (Optional)
Let's practice what you learned here.
宮沢:じゃあ、一緒にお店に行きませんか?In this sentence, why would they use the negative form of the verb to “go” rather than just “行きますか?”
一緒にxxxませんか is more polite way to ask or invite someone.
It’s similar to “why don’t we xxx?”. I guess you don’t consider it as a negative form.
If you say 行きますか, it sounds more direct and a bit forceful unless you are close enough to the other.
Mhmhmhm, I see now. Thank you for explaining.
No problem! I’m glad to hear that. 🙂