2021-Oct-18 Level 1 水しかないんだよね。

Lesson Dialogues

Situation 1

Hayakawa-san and Sato-san are working together. It has just become finishing time.

Comprehension Quiz (Skip if you don't understand the conversation yet)

早川(はやかわ)さんと佐藤(さとう)さんは、もう(かえ)時間(じかん)ですか?

A はい
B いいえ


早川(はやかわ)今日(きょう)はもう()わりましょう。

  • 今日きょう today
  • もう already; soon; again; more; strengthens expression of an emotion; filler word: なんか、もう、かえろうよ。 Like, let's go home already?
  • ()わりましょう ましょう form of ()わる; ~ましょう is a keigo form of ~よう which expresses desire; let's __
  • わる to end; to finish

佐藤(さとう):もう、そんな時間(じかん)ですか?

  • そんな that; such: そんな(こと)はできない。I can't do such a thing; そんなに so much; so; like that; often そんなに~ない: そんなに()べれない。I can't eat that much.
  • 時間(じかん) time; hour: (いち)時間(じかん) one hour, ()時間(じかん) two hours

早川(はやかわ):はい。もう(かえ)時間(じかん)ですよ。

  • かえ to return; to go home; to go back
  • ~よ introduces new information; emphasises a sentence: あさだよ!It's morning!

佐藤(さとう)本当(ほんとう)だ。もう5()ですね。

  • 本当ほんとう、ほんと truth; right; really
  • とき time, when: 子供こどもとき when I was a child;  o'clock
  • ~ね shares information or experiences; softens a sentence; expects an agreement; isn't it?, don't you?: あめだね。Oh, it's raining (as you can see).

Situation 2

At work, Suzuki-san is addressing Yamashita-san.

Comprehension Quiz (Skip if you don't understand the conversation yet)

鈴木(すずき)さんは、____(こと)がある。

A ()べたい
B ()みたい
C ()きたい
D ()みたい


鈴木(すずき)(いま)時間(じかん)ありますか?

  • いま now
  • あります ます form of ある; ~ます makes a keigo (polite) sentence
  • ある to be (existence); to have (possession); to happen; use ある for objects and いる for people and animals

山下(やました):はい。

    鈴木(すずき)()きたい(こと)があって。

    • きたい たい form of く; ~たい expresses desire; I want to __
    • く、 to hear; to listen; to ask; to obey
    • こと thing: 大事だいじなこと an important thing; こと converts a sentence into a massive noun: 明日あした日本にほんくことはむずかしい。 It's difficult to go to Japan tomorrow. ("明日あした日本にほんくこと" works like a big chunk of noun)
    • あって te-form of ある; te-form is often used to connect to other expressions; te-form may indicate a command: べて!Please eat!; it's common to end a sentence with a te-form. Japanese people often don't finish a sentence completely: 昨日学校行きのうがっこういって、勉強べんきょうして。。。I went to school yesterday, studied, and...

    山下(やました)()きたい(こと)ですか。

      鈴木(すずき):はい。(すこ)(はな)せますか?

      • すこ a little; a few
      • (はな)せます ます form of (はな)せる; ~ます makes a keigo (polite) sentence
      • (はな)せる potential form of (はな)す; ~せる expresses possibility; can; can be; some people consider
      • はな to talk; to tell; to speak

      山下(やました):もちろんです。

      • もちろん of course; needless to say

      Situation 3

      Kaori has come to visit Miki's house.

      Comprehension Quiz (Skip if you don't understand the conversation yet)

      かおりは、なんか()べますか?

      A はい
      B いいえ


      みき:なんか()べる?

      • なにか、なんか something; things like ..., or something like that ...; conversation filler: なんか、さむい。Well, it's cold; emphasises noun, often in a deprecating way: さかななんかきらい。I don't like something like fish.
      • べる to eat

      かおり:ううん。でも、なんか()みたい。

      • ううん nuh-uh; no (non keigo)
      • でも but; however: でも、日本にほんきたい。But, I want to go to Japan; even: プロでも出来できない。Even professionals can't do it; or something; things like; how about; often used to soften a word and doesn't have a lot of meanings: おちゃでもどう?How about tea?; ラーメンでもべる?Do you want to eat (things like) ramen?
      • ()みたい たい form of ()む; ~たい expresses desire; I want to __
      •  to drink

      みき:(みず)しかないんだよね。

      • みず water
      • ~しか only; just; no more than; すこししか仕事しごとできない。I can only work a little bit.
      •  There is no . . . ; no . . .
      • ~のです、んです、のだ、んだ、の actually, as a matter of fact: 明日あした映画えいがたいんですよね/だよね。I actually want to watch a movie tomorrow; often used with けど: すいません、トイレにきたいんですけど/だけど。。。Excuse me, I'd like to go to the bathroom; used to ask for a reason: なんで明日あした会社かいしゃないんですか/ないの? Why are you not coming to work tomorrow?; used to confirm or react to your observation: もうかえるんですか/かえるの? Are you going home already?; emphasizes discontentment or anger: なにってんだよ/んですか。 What the heck are you talking about?; ~なんだ with nouns, na-adjectives, and adverbs: 明日あしたあめなんだ。It will rain tomorrow.
      • ~よね、よな shares mutual sentiments; confirms some information: さむいよね。 It's cold, right?; よな is sometimes used by male speakers; かわいいよ。 may imply she might not know that she's cute, かわいいね。 may imply you expect her to notice it too, and かわいいよね。implies that the speaker is fairly certain about the statement and expect the other person to agree.

      かおり:(みず)でいいよ。

      • よい、いい good: 映画えいがよかった! The film was great!; you may use this to indicate your preference or choice: わたし、ラーメンがいい。I'd like to choose ramen; いいね is the Japanese version of "like" on social media.

      みき:そう?はい。

      • そう so (as in "I think so"): そうおもう。 I think so. ; そうなんだ。 I see.; that is so, that's right

      かおり:ありがとう。

        Situation 4

        Miho has cooked for Shiori.

        Comprehension Quiz (Skip if you don't understand the conversation yet)

        しおりは、____と()った。

        A おいしい
        B かわいい
        C たくさん
        D もちろん


        みほ:どう?

        • どう how; what: どうおもう?What do you think?; how about: ラーメンどう?How about (eating) ramen?

        しおり:おいしい!

        • おいしい delicious; tasty

        みほ:本当(ほんとう)?よかった。

        • よかった past form of よい

        しおり:これ、毎日(まいにち)()べたいよ。

        • これ、この これ this, these; この this, these (possessive): このくるま this car
        • 毎日まいにち every day
        • ()べたい たい form of ()べる; ~たい expresses desire; I want to __

        みほ:まだたくさんあるよ。

        • まだ yet; still: まだかえれない。I can't go home yet.
        • たくさん many; much; a lot

        しおり:本当(ほんとう)

          みほ:うん。もっと()べて!

          • もっと more
          • ()べて te-form of ()べる; te-form is often used to connect to other expressions; te-form may indicate a command: ()べて!Please eat!; it's common to end a sentence with a te-form. Japanese people often don't finish a sentence completely: 昨日学校行(きのうがっこうい)って、勉強(べんきょう)して。。。I went to school yesterday, studied, and...

          Step 2 - Take the Quiz

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          Take the quiz here.

          Step 3 - Writing Exercises (Optional)

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