2021-Oct-18 Level 1 水しかないんだよね。

Lesson Dialogues

Situation 1

Hayakawa-san and Sato-san are working together. It has just become finishing time.

Comprehension Quiz (Skip if you don't understand the conversation yet)

早川(はやかわ)さんと佐藤(さとう)さんは、もう帰(かえ)る時間(じかん)ですか?

A はい
B いいえ


早川(はやかわ):今日(きょう)はもう終(お)わりましょう。

  • 今日きょう today
  • もう already; soon; again; more; strengthens expression of an emotion; filler word: なんか、もう、帰かえろうよ。 Like, let's go home already?
  • 終(お)わりましょう ましょう form of 終(お)わる; ~ましょう is a keigo form of ~よう which expresses desire; let's __
  • 終おわる to end; to finish

佐藤(さとう):もう、そんな時間(じかん)ですか?

  • そんな that; such: そんな事(こと)はできない。I can't do such a thing; そんなに so much; so; like that; often そんなに~ない: そんなに食(た)べれない。I can't eat that much.
  • 時間(じかん) time; hour: 一(いち)時間(じかん) one hour, 二(に)時間(じかん) two hours

早川(はやかわ):はい。もう帰(かえ)る時間(じかん)ですよ。

  • 帰かえる to return; to go home; to go back
  • ~よ introduces new information; emphasises a sentence: 朝あさだよ!It's morning!

佐藤(さとう):本当(ほんとう)だ。もう5時(じ)ですね。

  • 本当ほんとう、ほんと truth; right; really
  • 時とき time, when: 子供こどもの時とき when I was a child; 時じ o'clock
  • ~ね shares information or experiences; softens a sentence; expects an agreement; isn't it?, don't you?: 雨あめだね。Oh, it's raining (as you can see).

Situation 2

At work, Suzuki-san is addressing Yamashita-san.

Comprehension Quiz (Skip if you don't understand the conversation yet)

鈴木(すずき)さんは、____事(こと)がある。

A 食(た)べたい
B 読(よ)みたい
C 聞(き)きたい
D 飲(の)みたい


鈴木(すずき):今(いま)、時間(じかん)ありますか?

  • 今いま now
  • あります ます form of ある; ~ます makes a keigo (polite) sentence
  • ある to be (existence); to have (possession); to happen; use ある for objects and いる for people and animals

山下(やました):はい。

    鈴木(すずき):聞(き)きたい事(こと)があって。

    • 聞ききたい たい form of 聞きく; ~たい expresses desire; I want to __
    • 聞きく、聴きく to hear; to listen; to ask; to obey
    • 事こと thing: 大事だいじなこと an important thing; こと converts a sentence into a massive noun: 明日あした、日本にほんに行いくことは難むずかしい。 It's difficult to go to Japan tomorrow. ("明日あした、日本にほんに行いくこと" works like a big chunk of noun)
    • あって te-form of ある; te-form is often used to connect to other expressions; te-form may indicate a command: 食たべて!Please eat!; it's common to end a sentence with a te-form. Japanese people often don't finish a sentence completely: 昨日学校行きのうがっこういって、勉強べんきょうして。。。I went to school yesterday, studied, and...

    山下(やました):聞(き)きたい事(こと)ですか。

      鈴木(すずき):はい。少(すこ)し話(はな)せますか?

      • 少すこし a little; a few
      • 話(はな)せます ます form of 話(はな)せる; ~ます makes a keigo (polite) sentence
      • 話(はな)せる potential form of 話(はな)す; ~せる expresses possibility; can; can be; some people consider
      • 話はなす to talk; to tell; to speak

      山下(やました):もちろんです。

      • もちろん of course; needless to say

      Situation 3

      Kaori has come to visit Miki's house.

      Comprehension Quiz (Skip if you don't understand the conversation yet)

      かおりは、なんか食(た)べますか?

      A はい
      B いいえ


      みき:なんか食(た)べる?

      • 何なにか、なんか something; things like ..., or something like that ...; conversation filler: なんか、寒さむい。Well, it's cold; emphasises noun, often in a deprecating way: 魚さかななんか嫌きらい。I don't like something like fish.
      • 食たべる to eat

      かおり:ううん。でも、なんか飲(の)みたい。

      • ううん nuh-uh; no (non keigo)
      • でも but; however: でも、日本にほんに行いきたい。But, I want to go to Japan; even: プロでも出来できない。Even professionals can't do it; or something; things like; how about; often used to soften a word and doesn't have a lot of meanings: お茶ちゃでもどう?How about tea?; ラーメンでも食たべる?Do you want to eat (things like) ramen?
      • 飲(の)みたい たい form of 飲(の)む; ~たい expresses desire; I want to __
      • 飲のむ to drink

      みき:水(みず)しかないんだよね。

      • 水みず water
      • ~しか only; just; no more than; 少すこししか仕事しごとできない。I can only work a little bit.
      • 無ない There is no . . . ; no . . .
      • ~のです、んです、のだ、んだ、の actually, as a matter of fact: 明日あした、映画えいが見みたいんですよね/だよね。I actually want to watch a movie tomorrow; often used with けど: すいません、トイレに行いきたいんですけど/だけど。。。Excuse me, I'd like to go to the bathroom; used to ask for a reason: なんで明日あした、会社かいしゃ来こないんですか/来こないの? Why are you not coming to work tomorrow?; used to confirm or react to your observation: もう帰かえるんですか/帰かえるの? Are you going home already?; emphasizes discontentment or anger: 何なに言いってんだよ/んですか。 What the heck are you talking about?; ~なんだ with nouns, na-adjectives, and adverbs: 明日あした雨あめなんだ。It will rain tomorrow.
      • ~よね、よな shares mutual sentiments; confirms some information: 寒さむいよね。 It's cold, right?; よな is sometimes used by male speakers; かわいいよ。 may imply she might not know that she's cute, かわいいね。 may imply you expect her to notice it too, and かわいいよね。implies that the speaker is fairly certain about the statement and expect the other person to agree.

      かおり:水(みず)でいいよ。

      • よい、いい good: 映画えいがよかった! The film was great!; you may use this to indicate your preference or choice: 私わたし、ラーメンがいい。I'd like to choose ramen; いいね is the Japanese version of "like" on social media.

      みき:そう?はい。

      • そう so (as in "I think so"): そう思おもう。 I think so. ; そうなんだ。 I see.; that is so, that's right

      かおり:ありがとう。

        Situation 4

        Miho has cooked for Shiori.

        Comprehension Quiz (Skip if you don't understand the conversation yet)

        しおりは、____と言(い)った。

        A おいしい
        B かわいい
        C たくさん
        D もちろん


        みほ:どう?

        • どう how; what: どう思おもう?What do you think?; how about: ラーメンどう?How about (eating) ramen?

        しおり:おいしい!

        • おいしい delicious; tasty

        みほ:本当(ほんとう)?よかった。

        • よかった past form of よい

        しおり:これ、毎日(まいにち)食(た)べたいよ。

        • これ、この これ this, these; この this, these (possessive): この車くるま this car
        • 毎日まいにち every day
        • 食(た)べたい たい form of 食(た)べる; ~たい expresses desire; I want to __

        みほ:まだたくさんあるよ。

        • まだ yet; still: まだ帰かえれない。I can't go home yet.
        • たくさん many; much; a lot

        しおり:本当(ほんとう)?

          みほ:うん。もっと食(た)べて!

          • もっと more
          • 食(た)べて te-form of 食(た)べる; te-form is often used to connect to other expressions; te-form may indicate a command: 食(た)べて!Please eat!; it's common to end a sentence with a te-form. Japanese people often don't finish a sentence completely: 昨日学校行(きのうがっこうい)って、勉強(べんきょう)して。。。I went to school yesterday, studied, and...

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