Lesson Dialogues
Situation 1
Haru and her mother are talking at the supermarket.
Comprehension Quiz (Skip if you don't understand the conversation yet)
ハルはレタスが好きですか?
A はい
B いいえ
お母さん:レタス、高いね。
- レタス lettuce
- 高い high; tall; expensive
- ~ね shares information or experiences; softens a sentence; expects an agreement; isn't it?, don't you?: 雨だね。Oh, it's raining (as you can see).
ハル:ほんと。最近、すごく高いよね。
- 本当、ほんと truth; right; really
- 最近 recently; lately
- すごく adverbial form of すごい
- すごい i-adj fantastic, wonderful, terrible; adv awfully, very, immensely
- ~よね、よな shares mutual sentiments; confirms some information: 寒いよね。 It's cold, right?; よな is sometimes used by male speakers; かわいいよ。 may imply she might not know that she's cute, かわいいね。 may imply you expect her to notice it too, and かわいいよね。implies that the speaker is fairly certain about the statement and expect the other person to agree.
お母さん:こんな高いの、買えないよ。
- こんな(に) so; such; like that; こんなに may indicate a great degree of quality or quantity: こんなに食べたの? Did you eat this much?
- ~の の can make other words, such as verbs or adjectives, function like a noun: 食べるのはやめる。I will stop eating; 欲しいのはどれ? Which is the one you want?
- 買えない negative form of 買える
- 買える potential form of 買う; ~える expresses possibility; can; can be
- 買う to buy
- ~よ、~よー introduces new information; emphasises a sentence: 朝だよ!It's morning!
ハル:レタス、好きなんだけどな。
- 好き favorite; to like; to love
- ~のです、~んです、~のだ、~んだ actually, as a matter of fact: 明日、映画見たいんですよね/だよね。I actually want to watch a movie tomorrow; often used with けど: すいません、トイレに行きたいんですけど/だけど。。。Excuse me, I'd like to go to the bathroom; used to ask for a reason: なんで明日、会社来ないんですか/来ないの? Why are you not coming to work tomorrow?; used to confirm or react to your observation: もう帰るんですか/帰るの? Are you going home already?; emphasizes discontentment or anger: 何言ってんだよ/んですか。 What the heck are you talking about?; ~なんだ with nouns, na-adjectives, and adverbs: 明日雨なんだ。It will rain tomorrow.
- けれど、けど but; however; although; though; a lot of people finish a sentence with (だ)けど because it makes the sentence less direct.
- ~な expresses emotions; emphasises the emotion; softens the sentence; often なー: 日本へ行きたいな。I want to go to Japan; かわいいなー。It's so cute.
Situation 2
Haru and her mother are at the supermarket to buy vegetables.
Comprehension Quiz (Skip if you don't understand the conversation yet)
お母さんは____を買う。
A バナナ
B レタス
C ピーマン
D ブロッコリー
お母さん:高くないの何かあるかな?
- 高くない negative form of 高い
- 何か、なんか something; things like ..., or something like that ...; conversation filler: なんか、寒い。Well, it's cold; emphasises noun, often in a deprecating way: 魚なんか嫌い。I don't like something like fish.
- ある to be (existence); to have (possession); to happen; use ある for objects and いる for people and animals
- ~かな indicates uncertainty; softens a sentence: ちょっと寒いかな。I think it's a bit cold.
ハル:今、結構みんな高いかも。
- 今 now
- 結構 adv. quite, fairly; na-adj. good
- みんな everyone (often みなさん); everything
- ~かも(しれない) perhaps; maybe: 明日、雨かもしれない。Maybe it will rain tomorrow.
お母さん:ピーマンはどう?
- ピーマン bell pepper
- どう how; what: どう思う?What do you think?; how about: ラーメンどう?How about (eating) ramen?
ハル:まあ、普通。
- まー、まあ well; I think: まあ、そうだよね。Well, that's right.
- 普通 normal; regular; ordinary; common
お母さん:じゃあ、ピーマン買おう。
- じゃ、じゃあ well, so, then; if: 雨じゃ外で遊べないね。If it's raining, we can't play outside.
- 買おう ou form of 買う; ~ou expresses suggestion; let's __; 食べよう。 let's eat; 行こう。 let's go; 遊ぼう。 let's play; 作ろう。let's make.
Situation 3
A customer is asking a clerk a question at the supermarket.
Comprehension Quiz (Skip if you don't understand the conversation yet)
ブロッコリーは安いですか?
A はい
B いいえ
客:何が安いですか?
- 何 what
- 安い cheap; low (price); inexpensive
店員:ブロッコリーが安いですよ。
- ブロッコリー broccoli
客:ブロッコリーは好きじゃなくて。
- 好きじゃなくて te-form of 好きじゃない
- 好きじゃない negative form of 好き
店員:そうなんですね。
- そう so (as in "I think so"): そう思う。 I think so. ; そうなんだ。 I see.; that is so, that's right
客:他にありませんか?
- 他 other; another; else; 他の人 other people
- ありません negative form of ある
Situation 4
It is the release date for a new product. Having gone to the store, it was already sold out.
Comprehension Quiz (Skip if you don't understand the conversation yet)
買う人が____。
A 安かった
B 高かった
C 多かった
D 少なかった
客:もうないんですか?
- もう already; soon; again; more; strengthens expression of an emotion; filler word: なんか、もう、帰ろうよ。 Like, let's go home already?
- ない There is no . . . ; no . . .
店員:はい。すぐなくなりました。
- すぐ immediately; right away; soon
- なくなりました past form of なくなります
- なくなります ます form of なくなる; ~ます makes a keigo (polite) sentence
- なくなる to disappear; to be gone
客:買う人多かったんですね。
- 人 person; people; human being
- 多かった past form of 多い
- 多い many; much; a lot of
店員:そうなんですよ。
客:すごく買いたかったんですが。
- 買いたかった past form of 買いたい
- 買いたい たい form of 買う; ~たい expresses desire; to want to __
- ~が but: 雨ですが行きます。It's raining but I'll go; used for introductory phrases: イベントがありますが行きますか? There's an event. Do you want to go?; もう八時ですが。。。It's already 8 but (shouldn't we be going?).
Step 2 - Take the Quiz
Let's see how many words you remember.
Take the quiz here.
Step 3 - Writing Exercises (Optional)
Let's practice what you learned here.